Potpourri Groups

There are no shared pronunciations in these groups. However, the pronunciations are still related, since they have a common ancestor in ancient Chinese.

單

1: 單于 chányú: Xiōngnú ruler (W. Hàn)

Old Chinese: *dar (< *[d]ar)

Middle Chinese: dzyen

2: single, simple

Old Chinese: *Cə.tˤar

Middle Chinese: tan

戦
1472
戰
セン
いくさ、たたか-う
war
挑戦
戦争
ちょうせん
せんそう
(n,vs) challenge/defiance/(P)
(n,vs) war/(P)

禅
1473
禪
ゼン
Zen
座禅
禅師
ざぜん
ぜんし
(n) zazen (seated Zen meditation, usu. in a cross-legged position)/(P)
(ik) (n) (hon) monk/priest, particularly a high-ranking Zen monk honored by the imperial court

単
1474
單
タン
simple
単位
単独
たんい
たんどく
(n) (1) unit/denomination/(2) credit (in school)/(P)
(n,adj-no) sole/independence/single/solo (flight)/(P)

弾
1475
彈
ダン
たま、はず-む、ひ-く
bullet
爆弾
弾圧
ばくだん
だんあつ
(n) bomb/(P)
(n,vs) oppression/suppression/pressure/(P)

勺

1: ladle (n.)

Old Chinese: *m-tewk

Middle Chinese: dzyak

2: ladle (v.)

Old Chinese: *tewk

Middle Chinese: tsyak

酌
1476
シャク
く-む
bartending
晩酌
酌量
ばんしゃく
しゃくりょう
(n,vs) evening drink/(P)
(n,vs) consideration/pardon

釣
1477
チョウ（テウ）
つ-る
angling
釣果
釣魚
ちょうか
ちょうぎょ
(n) a hooked fish/a catch
(n) fishing/angling

的
1478
テキ
まと
target
目的
本格的
もくてき
ほんかくてき
(n) purpose/goal/aim/objective/intention/(P)
(adj-na) full-blown/regular/genuine/earnest/normal/typical/fundamental/real/(P)

約
1479
ヤク
promise
予約
制約
よやく
せいやく
(n,vs) (1) reservation/appointment/booking/advance order/(2) contract/subscription/pledge/(P)
(n,vs) limitation/restriction/condition/constraints/(P)

1: TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: b·roːn

2: TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: b·ron

3: TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: b·rons

蛮
1480
蠻
バン
barbarian
南蛮
野蛮
なんばん
やばん
(n) (1) (arch) (derog) southern barbarians (formerly used by the Chinese to refer to non-ethnic Chinese to the south)/(2) (arch) South-East Asia/(3) (arch) Western Europe (esp. Spain and Portugal, their South-East Asian colonies, and their goods and people arriving in Japan via the colonies)/(pref) (4) exotic (esp. Western European or South-East Asian style)/(n) (5) (in dance, puppetry, etc.) thrusting the right foot and right arm forward at the same time (or left foot and left arm)/(n) (6) (abbr) food prepared using chili peppers or Welsh onions/(P)
(adj-na,n) savage/uncivilized/uncivilised/(P)

変
1481
變
ヘン
か-える、か-わる
change
変身
変換
へんしん
へんかん
(n,vs) metamorphosis/disguise/transformation/(P)
(n,vs) change/conversion/transformation/translation/(P)

恋
1482
戀
レン
こ-う、こい、こい-しい
romance
失恋
遠距離恋愛
しつれん
えんきょりれんあい
(n,vs) disappointed love/broken heart/unrequited love/being lovelorn/(P)
(n) long distance relationship

湾
1483
灣
ワン
gulf
台湾
湾岸
たいわん
わんがん
(n) Taiwan/(P)
(n) gulf coast/bay coast/(P)

專

exclusively

Old Chinese: *ton

Middle Chinese: tsywen

専
1484
專
セン
もっぱ-ら
specialty
専門
専用
せんもん
せんよう
(n) speciality/specialty/subject of study/expert/(P)
(n,pref,suf,adj-no) (1) exclusive use/personal use/dedicated/(2) private (e.g. network)/(P)

団
1485
團
トン、ダン
group
布団
掛け布団
団体
集団
ふとん
かけぶとん
だんたい
しゅうだん
(ateji) (n) (1) futon (quilted Japanese-style mattress laid out on the floor)/(2) round cushion used for Zen meditation (traditionally made of woven bulrush leaves)/(P)
(n) bed cover/coverlet/quilt/comforter/eiderdown
(n) organization/organisation/association/(P)
(n) group/mass/(P)

転
1486
轉
テン
ころ-がす、ころ-がる、ころ-げる、ころ-ぶ
revolve
運転
転職
うんてん
てんしょく
(n,vs) operation/motion/driving/(P)
(n,vs) change of occupation/(P)

伝
1487
傳
デン
つた-う、つた-える、つた-わる
transmit
伝統
遺伝子
でんとう
いでんし
(n) tradition/convention/(P)
(adj-na,n) gene/genetic/(P)

或

1: some; or

Old Chinese: *[ɢ]ʷˤək

Middle Chinese: hwok

2: territory

Old Chinese: *[ɢ]ʷrək

Middle Chinese: hwik

域
1488
イキ（ヰキ）
range
地域
領域
ちいき
りょういき
(n) area/region/(P)
(n) area/domain/territory/field/region/regime/(P)

国
1489
國
コク
くに
country
全国
全国
ぜんこく
ぜんごく
(n) country-wide/nation-wide/whole country/national/(P)
(n) country-wide/nation-wide/whole country/national

惑
1490
ワク
まど-う
beguile
惑星
魅惑
わくせい
みわく
(n) planet/(P)
(n,adj-no,vs) attraction/fascination/lure/captivation/charm/(P)

翟

pheasant

Old Chinese: *lˤewk

Middle Chinese: dek

濯
1491
タク
laundry
洗濯槽
電気洗濯機
せんたくそう
でんきせんたくき
(n) washing machine tub
(n) electric washing machine

躍
1492
ヤク
おど-る
leap
活躍
活躍中
かつやく
かつやくちゅう
(n) (1) activity (esp. energetic)/great efforts/conspicuous service/(vs) (2) to flourish/to participate actively/to play an active role/(P)
(exp) within an activity/during an activity

曜
1493
ヨウ（エウ）
day of the week
日曜
金曜
にちよう
きんよう
(n-adv,n) Sunday/(P)
(n-adv,n-t) (abbr) Friday/(P)

多

many

Old Chinese: *[t.l]ˤaj

Middle Chinese: ta

移
1494
イ
うつ-す、うつ-る
shift
移動
移転
いどう
いてん
(n,vs) (1) removal/migration/movement/(2) mobile (e.g. communications)/(P)
(n,vs) moving/transfer/demise/(P)

宜
1495
ギ
best regards
適宜
便宜
てきぎ
べんぎ
(adj-na) (1) suitable/appropriate/(n-adv) (2) appropriately/(P)
(adj-na,n) convenience/accommodation/advantage/expedience/(P)

多
1496
タ
おお-い
many
多分
多様
たぶん
たよう
(adv,n) (1) perhaps/probably/(adj-na,adj-no) (2) generous/many/much/great/(P)
(adj-na) diverse/varied/(P)

失

lose

Old Chinese: *l̥i[t]

Middle Chinese: syit

失
1497
シツ
うしな-う
lose
失敗
失礼
しっぱい
しつれい
(n,adj-no,vs) failure/mistake/blunder/(P)
(n,vs,adj-na) (1) discourtesy/impoliteness/(exp) (2) Excuse me/Goodbye/(vs) (3) to leave/(vs) (4) to be rude/(P)

秩
1498
チツ
regularity
無秩序
社会秩序
むちつじょ
しゃかいちつじょ
(adj-na,n) disorder/chaos/confusion/(P)
(n,vs) (maintain, observe) social (public) order

迭
1499
テツ
transfer
更迭
こうてつ
(n,vs) change/shake-up/reshuffle (e.g. of a cabinet)/dismissal (e.g. of a minister)/exchanging places/(P)

埶

1: circumstances; setting

Old Chinese: *ŋ̊et-s

Middle Chinese: syejH

2: to plant

Old Chinese: *ŋet-s (MC I!)

Middle Chinese: ngjiejH

芸
1500
藝
ゲイ
art
芸能
芸術
げいのう
げいじゅつ
(n) public entertainment/accomplishments/attainments/(P)
(n) (fine) art/the arts/(P)

勢
1501
セイ
いきお-い
power
大勢
大勢
たいせい
たいぜい
(n) general trend/current thought/(P)
(n,adj-no) many/crowd/great number of people

熱
1502
ネツ
あつ-い
heat
情熱
熱心
じょうねつ
ねっしん
(adj-na,n) passion/enthusiasm/zeal/(P)
(adj-na,n) zeal/enthusiasm/(P)

亦

1: armpit

Old Chinese: *[ɢ](r)Ak

Middle Chinese: yek

2: also

Old Chinese: *ɢ(r)Ak

Middle Chinese: yek

液
1503
エキ
fluid
血液
液晶
けつえき
えきしょう
(n) blood/(P)
(n) liquid crystal/(P)

跡
1504
セキ
あと
tracks
足跡
遺跡
そくせき
いせき
(n) footprints
(n) historic ruins (remains, relics)/(P)

夜
1505
ヤ
よ、よる
night
今夜
昨夜
こんや
さくや
(n-adv,n-t) this evening/tonight/(P)
(n-adv,n-t) (1) last night/(P)

番

1: martial

Old Chinese: *pˤar

Middle Chinese: pa

2: a turn, a time

Old Chinese: *pʰar

Middle Chinese: phjon

藩
1506
ハン
clan
藩士
藩主
はんし
はんしゅ
(n) feudal retainer or warrior
(n) feudal lord/daimyo/(P)

番
1507
バン
one's turn
本番
定番
ほんばん
ていばん
(n) (1) performance/take/going before an audience or on-air/(2) game/season/crucial moment/(3) actual sexual intercourse (i.e. not simulated)/(P)
(n,adj-no) standard (goods, procedure, etc.)/(one's) routine/product with consistent sales/staple (of a situation, of a fiction genre, etc.)

翻
1508
飜
ホン
ひるがえ-す、ひるがえ-る
flip
翻訳
翻弄
ほんやく
ほんろう
(n,vs) (1) translation/(2) de-encryption/deciphering/(3) rendering/(P)
(n,vs) trifle with/make sport of/make fun of/(P)

丯

TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: kreːds

喫
1509
キツ
consume
満喫
喫茶
まんきつ
きっさ
(n,vs) have enough of/fully enjoy/(P)
(n) tea drinking/tea house/(P)

契
1510
ケイ
ちぎ-る
pledge
契約
契機
けいやく
けいき
(n,vs) contract/compact/agreement/(P)
(n) opportunity/chance/(P)

潔
1511
ケツ
いさぎよ-い
undefiled
清潔
清潔感
せいけつ
せいけつかん
(adj-na,n) (1) clean/hygenic/sanitary/(2) pure/virtuous/immaculate/(P)
(n) (sense of) cleanliness/(sense of) freshness

丩

twist (v.)

Old Chinese: *k-riw (dialect: *k-r- > *kr-)

Middle Chinese: kjiw

糾
1512
キュウ（キウ）
twist
糾弾
紛糾
きゅうだん
ふんきゅう
(n,vs) blame/(P)
(n,vs) complication/confusion/disorder/(P)

叫
1513
キョウ（ケウ）
さけ-ぶ
shout
絶叫
叫喚
ぜっきょう
きょうかん
(n,vs) exclamation/scream/shout/(P)
(n,vs) shout/scream

収
1514
收
シュウ（シウ）
おさ-まる、おさ-める
take in
収集
収録
しゅうしゅう
しゅうろく
(n,vs) gathering up/collection/accumulation/(P)
(n,vs) (1) compilation/editing/(2) recording/(P)

炎

burn, blazing

Old Chinese: *[ɢ]ʷ(r)am

Middle Chinese: hjem

炎
1515
エン
ほのお
inflammation
炎上
肝炎
えんじょう
かんえん
(n,vs) (1) blazing up/(2) destruction of a large building by fire/(3) flood of comments to a blog, exceeding what the blog's owner can answer/(P)
(n) hepatitis/(P)

淡
1516
タン
あわ-い
thin
淡白
淡水
たんぱく
たんすい
(adj-na,n) candid/frank/simple/indifferent/ingenuous/light (color, colour, taste)/plain
(n) fresh water/(P)

談
1517
ダン
discuss
雑談
余談
ざつだん
よだん
(n,vs) chatting/idle talk/(P)
(n) digression/sequel (of a story)/(P)

暵

1: scorch, burn

Old Chinese: *n̥ˤarʔ

Middle Chinese: xanX

2: dry

Old Chinese: *[qʰ]ˤarʔ-s

Middle Chinese: xanH

漢
1518
漢
カン
China
漢字
漢方
かんじ
かんぽう
(n) Chinese characters/kanji/(P)
(n) traditional Chinese medicine/(P)

嘆
1519
嘆
タン
なげ-かわしい、なげ-く
sigh
感嘆
驚嘆
かんたん
きょうたん
(n,vs) admiration/wonder/(P)
(n,vs) wonder/admiration/(P)

難
1520
難
ナン
かた-い、むずか-しい
difficult
非難
避難
ひなん
ひなん
(n,vs) blame/attack/criticism/(P)
(n,vs) taking refuge/finding shelter/evacuation/escape/(P)

遂

advance (v.)

Old Chinese: *sə-lu[t]-s

Middle Chinese: zwijH

遂
1521
スイ
と-げる
consummate
未遂
遂行
みすい
すいこう
(n,n-suf) attempt (at crime)/(P)
(n,vs) accomplishment/execution/(P)

隊
1522
タイ
group
隊長
戦隊
たいちょう
せんたい
(n) commanding officer/(P)
(n) squadron

墜
1523
ツイ
crash
墜落
撃墜
ついらく
げきつい
(n,vs) falling/crashing/(P)
(n,vs) shooting down (aircraft)/(P)

秀

to flower

Old Chinese: *[s-l]u(ʔ)-s

Middle Chinese: sjuwH

秀
1524
シュウ（シウ）
ひい-でる
excel
優秀
最優秀
ゆうしゅう
さいゆうしゅう
(adj-na,n) superiority/excellence/(P)
(adj-no) best/most (valuable player)/top (quality)/grade A/ace/finest

透
1525
トウ
す-かす、す-く、す-ける
transparent
透明
透明度
とうめい
とうめいど
(adj-na,adj-no,n) transparency/cleanness/(P)
(n) transparency/degree of clearness

誘
1526
ユウ（イウ）
さそ-う
entice
誘惑
誘致
ゆうわく
ゆうち
(n,vs) temptation/allurement/lure/(P)
(n,vs) attraction/lure/invitation/(P)

免

avoid

Old Chinese: *mr[o][r]ʔ

Middle Chinese: mjenX

晩
1527
晚
バン
nightfall
昨晩
今晩
さくばん
こんばん
(n-adv,n-t) last night/(P)
(n-adv,n-t) tonight/this evening/(P)

勉
1528
勉
ベン
exertion
勉強会
勉強中
べんきょうかい
べんきょうちゅう
(n) study group/study meeting
(n) while studying

免
1529
免
メン
まぬか-れる
excuse
御免
運転免許
ごめん
うんてんめんきょ
(int,n) (uk) your pardon/declining (something)/dismissal/permission/(P)
(n) driver's license/driver's licence

允

truly

Old Chinese: *[l]u[r]ʔ

Middle Chinese: ywinX

唆
1530
サ
そそのか-す
tempt
示唆
教唆
しさ
きょうさ
(n,vs) suggestion/hint/implication/(P)
(n,vs) instigation/(P)

酸
1531
サン
す-い
acid
酸素
酸味
さんそ
さんみ
(n) oxygen/(P)
(n) sourness/acidity/(P)

俊
1532
シュン
genius
俊英
俊足
しゅんえい
しゅんそく
(n) excellence/genius/(P)
(n) (1) swift horse/fleet steed/fast runner/(2) talented person/brilliant person/(P)

酉

1: 10th earthly branch

Old Chinese: *N-ruʔ

Middle Chinese: yuwX

2: wine

Old Chinese: *N-ruʔ

Middle Chinese: yuwX

3: old

Old Chinese: *N-ruʔ

Middle Chinese: yuwX

酒
1533
シュ
さか*、さけ
alcoholic drink
飲酒
酒造
いんしゅ
しゅぞう
(n,vs) drinking alcohol (sake)/(P)
(n) sake brewing/(P)

醜
1534
シュウ（シウ）
みにく-い
ugly
醜態
醜悪
しゅうたい
しゅうあく
(n) shameful sight/disgraceful behavior/disgraceful behaviour/(P)
(adj-na,n) ugliness/meanness/offensiveness/(P)

猶
1535
ユウ（イウ）
furthermore
猶予
執行猶予
ゆうよ
しっこうゆうよ
(n,vs) postponement/deferment/extension (of time)/(P)
(n) stay of execution/suspended sentence/(P)

黑

black

Old Chinese: *m̥ˤək (dialect *m̥ˤ- > xˤ-)

Middle Chinese: xok

黒
1536
黑
コク
くろ、くろ-い
black
黒人
大黒
こくじん
だいこく
(n) black person/(P)
(n) (1) (abbr) god of wealth/(2) (arch) monk's wife

墨
1537
墨
ボク
すみ
black ink
水墨画
墨汁
すいぼくが
ぼくじゅう
(n) India-ink painting/(P)
(n) (1) India ink/China ink/(2) ink (of a cuttlefish, etc.)

黙
1538
默
モク
だま-る
silence
暗黙
黙認
あんもく
もくにん
(n,adj-no) tacit/implicit/(P)
(n,vs) connivance/tacit consent/toleration/(P)

七

seven

Old Chinese: *[tsʰ]i[t]

Middle Chinese: tshit

切
1539
サイ、セツ
き-る、き-れる
cut
一切
合切
大切
切替
いっさい
がっさい
たいせつ
せったい
(n-adv,n) all/everything/without exception/the whole/entirely/absolutely/(P)
(n) all altogether
(adj-na,n) important/valuable/worthy of care/(P)
(n) exchange/conversion/replacement/switching (to)/switchover

七
1540
シチ
なな、なな-つ、なの*
seven
七夕
七月
しちせき
しちがつ
(n) Festival of the Weaver (July 7th)/Star Festival
(n-adv) July/(P)

叱
1541
𠮟
シツ
しか-る
scold
叱責
叱正
しっせき
しっせい
(n,vs) reprimand/rebuke
(n) point out errors/correction (of errors)

不

1: not

Old Chinese: *pə

Middle Chinese: pjuw

2: 不律 writing brush (pron. in Wú 吳 ap. Shuōwén; E. Hàn)

Old Chinese: *pə

Middle Chinese: pjuw

杯
1542
ハイ
さかずき
counter for cupfuls
一杯
満杯
いっぱい
まんぱい
(adj-na,adv,n) (1) cup of .../drink/(2) full/(3) to the utmost/up to (one's income)/(a) lot of/much/(P)
(n) full/(P)

否
1543
ヒ
いな
negate
否定
賛否
ひてい
さんぴ
(n,vs) (1) negation/denial/repudiation/(2) (comp) NOT operation/(P)
(n) yes and no/for and against/(P)

不
1544
ブ、フ
non-
不器用
不気味
不安
不明
ぶきよう
ぶきみ
ふあん
ふめい
(adj-na,n) awkward/clumsy/unskillfulness/lack of ability/(P)
(adj-na,n) weird/ominous/eerie/uncanny/ghastly/(P)
(adj-na,n) anxiety/uneasiness/insecurity/suspense/(P)
(adj-na,n) unknown/obscure/indistinct/uncertain/ambiguous/ignorant/lack of wisdom/anonymous/unidentified/(P)

貴

precious; expensive

Old Chinese: *kuj-s

Middle Chinese: kjw+jH

遺
1545
イ（ヰ）、ユイ
bequeath
遺産
世界遺産
遺言
遺言書
いさん
せかいいさん
ゆいごん
ゆいごんしょ
(n) inheritance/bequest/(P)
(n) World Heritage (cultural, natural, etc.)/World Cultural and Natural Heritage (UNESCO)
(n,vs) will/testament/last request/(P)
(n) testament

潰
1546
カイ（クヮイ）
つぶ-す、つぶ-れる
crush
潰瘍
胃潰瘍
かいよう
いかいよう
(n) ulcer
(n) stomach ulcer

貴
1547
キ
たっと-い、たっと-ぶ、とうと-い、とうと-ぶ
precious
貴重
貴方
きちょう
きほう
(adj-na,n) precious/valuable/(P)
(n) (1) (hon) your home/your residence/(2) (hon) you (referring to one's equal; epistolary style)

攸

place where

Old Chinese: *liw

Middle Chinese: yuw

修
1548
シュウ（シウ）、シュ
おさ-まる、おさ-める
discipline
修正
修理
修業
修羅場
しゅうせい
しゅうり
しゅぎょう
しゅらじょう
(n,vs) amendment/correction/revision/modification/alteration/retouching/update/fix/(P)
(n,vs) repairing/mending/servicing/(P)
(n,vs) pursuit of knowledge/studying/learning/training/ascetic practice/ascetic practise/discipline/(P)
(ok) (n) (1) fighting scene/scene of carnage (bloodshed)/(2) location of the fight between Asura and Sakra devanam Indra

条
1549
條
ジョウ（デウ）
clause
条約
条例
じょうやく
じょうれい
(n) treaty/pact/(P)
(n) regulations/rules/laws/acts/ordinance/(P)

悠
1550
ユウ（イウ）
permanence
悠然
悠長
ゆうぜん
ゆうちょう
(n,adj-t,adv-to) with an air of composure/calmly
(adj-na) (1) leisurely/slow/deliberate/easygoing/(P)

敢

dare

Old Chinese: *[k]ˤamʔ

Middle Chinese: kamX

敢
1551
カン
daring
果敢
敢行
かかん
かんこう
(adj-na,n) resolute/determined/bold/(P)
(n,vs) decisive action/(P)

岩
1552
ガン
いわ
boulder
岩盤
岩盤浴
がんばん
がんばんよく
(n) bedrock/(P)
(n) stone sauna/facility where one rests on towels laid on a slab of heated natural rock

厳
1553
嚴
ゲン、ゴン
おごそ-か、きび-しい
strict
厳選
厳密
荘厳
華厳経
げんせん
げんみつ
そうごん
けごんきょう
(n,vs) careful selection
(adj-na,n) strict/close/(P)
(adj-na,n) solemnity/gravity/impressiveness/(P)
(n) Avatamska sutra

赤

red

Old Chinese: *[t-qʰ](r)Ak

Middle Chinese: tsyhek

嚇
1554
カク
menacing
威嚇
威嚇射撃
いかく
いかくしゃげき
(n) (1) menace/threat/intimidation/(vs) (2) to threaten/to intimidate/(P)
(n) warning shot

赦
1555
シャ
pardon
容赦
恩赦
ようしゃ
おんしゃ
(n,vs) (1) pardon/forgiveness/mercy/(2) leniency/going easy (on someone)/(P)
(n) amnesty/pardon/(P)

赤
1556
セキ、シャク
あか、あか-い、あか-らむ、あか-らめる
red
赤色
赤外線
赤口
赤口
せきしょく
せきがいせん
しゃっく
しゃっこう
(adj-na,n) red/(P)
(n) infra-red rays/(P)
(n) unlucky for all activities, with only the period around noon being auspicious
(n) unlucky for all activities, with only the period around noon being auspicious

石

stone

Old Chinese: *dAk

Middle Chinese: dzyek

石
1557
セキ、シャク、コク
いし
stone
石油
宝石
石神
盤石
一石
造石税
せきゆ
ほうせき
しゃくじん
ばんじゃく
いっこく
ぞうこくぜい
(n) oil/petroleum/kerosene/(P)
(n) gem/jewel/(P)
(n) stone which is worshipped/image of a god in stone/(P)
(n) huge rock/firmness
(n) one koku (measure)
(n) brewing tax

拓
1558
タク
clear (the land)
開拓
干拓
かいたく
かんたく
(n,vs) (1) reclamation (of wasteland)/cultivation/(2) pioneering/pathfinding/trail-blazing/(P)
(n,vs) land reclamation (from sea)/(P)

妬
1559
ト
ねた-む
jealousy
妬心
嫉妬
としん
しっと
(n) jealousy
(n,vs) jealousy/(P)

舄

1: slipper, shoe

Old Chinese: *s.qʰAk

Middle Chinese: sjek

2: slipper, shoe

Old Chinese: *s.qʰak (dialect: *s.qʰ> MC tsh-, *-ak > -jak)

Middle Chinese: tshjak

写
1560
寫
シャ
うつ-す、うつ-る
copy
写真
写真館
しゃしん
しゃしんかん
(n) photograph/(P)
(n) photo studio

潟
1561
セキ
かた
lagoon
潟湖
せきこ
(n) lagoon

以

take, use

Old Chinese: *ləʔ

Middle Chinese: yiX

以
1562
イ
by means of
以上
以前
いじょう
いぜん
(n-adv,n-t) (1) not less than/... and more/... and upwards/(2) beyond ... (e.g. one's means)/further (e.g. nothing further to say)/more than ... (e.g. cannot pay more than that)/(3) above-mentioned/foregoing/(4) since .../seeing that .../(5) this is all/that is the end/the end/(P)
(n-adv,n-t) ago/since/before/previous/(P)

似
1563
ジ
に-る
becoming
類似
疑似
るいじ
ぎじ
(n) (1) resemblance/similarity/analogous/quasi/(vs) (2) to resemble/to be similar/to be alike/(P)
(n,pref) suspected/pseudo/sham/quasi/false/mock/(P)

丞

assist

Old Chinese: *m-təŋ

Middle Chinese: dzying

承
1564
ショウ
うけたまわ-る
acquiesce
承認
了承
しょうにん
りょうしょう
(n,vs) recognition/acknowledgement/acknowledgment/approval/consent/agreement/(P)
(n,vs) acknowledgement/acknowledgment/understanding (e.g. "please be understanding of the mess during our renovation")/noting/(P)

蒸
1565
ジョウ
む-す、む-らす、む-れる
steam
蒸気
蒸気機関
じょうき
じょうききかん
(n) steam/vapour/vapor/(P)
(n) steam engine

卵

1: egg

Old Chinese: *k.rˤorʔ (dialect: *-r > *-j)

Middle Chinese: lwaX

2: egg

Old Chinese: *k.rˤorʔ

Middle Chinese: lwanX

関
1566
關
カン（クヮン）
かか-わる、せき
related
関係
関連
かんけい
かんれん
(n,vs) relation/connection/(P)
(n,adj-no,vs,suf) relation/connection/relevance/(P)

卵
1567
ラン
たまご
egg
産卵
卵白
さんらん
らんぱく
(n,vs) egg-laying/spawning/(P)
(n) white of an egg/albumen

見

1: see (v.)

Old Chinese: *[k]ˤen-s

Middle Chinese: kenH

2: appear

Old Chinese: *N-[k]ˤen-s

Middle Chinese: henH

3: cause to appear, introduce

Old Chinese: *m-[k]ˤen-s

Middle Chinese: henH

見
1568
ケン
み-える、み-せる、み-る
see
発見
意見
はっけん
いけん
(n,vs) discovery/detection/finding/(P)
(n,vs) opinion/view/(P)

現
1569
ゲン
あらわ-す、あらわ-れる
appear
現在
表現
げんざい
ひょうげん
(n-adv,n-t) now/current/present/present time/(P)
(n,vs) (1) expression/presentation/(2) (math) representation/notation/(P)

冬

winter

Old Chinese: *tˤuŋ

Middle Chinese: towng

終
1570
シュウ
お-える、お-わる
end
終了
最終
しゅうりょう
さいしゅう
(n,vs) end/close/termination/(P)
(n) last/final/closing/(P)

冬
1571
トウ
ふゆ
winter
冬眠
暖冬
とうみん
だんとう
(n,vs) hibernation/winter sleep/(P)
(n) mild winter/warm winter/(P)

品

kind, class

Old Chinese: *pʰr[ə]mʔ

Middle Chinese: phimX

品
1572
ヒン
しな
article
作品
用品
さくひん
ようひん
(n) work (e.g. book, film, composition, etc.)/opus/performance/production/(P)
(n) articles/supplies/parts/(P)

臨
1573
リン
のぞ-む
look to
臨時
臨場感
りんじ
りんじょうかん
(n,adj-no) temporary/special/extraordinary/(P)
(n) presence/(P)

學

study; imitate

Old Chinese: *m-kˤruk

Middle Chinese: haewk

覚
1574
覺
カク
おぼ-える、さ-ます、さ-める
memorize
感覚
覚悟
かんかく
かくご
(n,vs) sense/sensation/(P)
(n,vs) resolution/resignation/readiness/preparedness/(P)

学
1575
學
ガク
まな-ぶ
study
学校
大学
がっこう
だいがく
(n) school/(P)
(n) (1) university/(2) the Great Learning - one of the Four Books/(P)

囟

fontanel

Old Chinese: *[s]ə[r]-s

Middle Chinese: sinH

細
1576
サイ
こま-か、こま-かい、ほそ-い、ほそ-る
thin
詳細
繊細
しょうさい
せんさい
(adj-na,n) detail/particulars/(P)
(adj-na,n) delicate/dainty/fine/slim/sensitive/subtle/(P)

思
1577
シ
おも-う
think
思想
意思
しそう
いし
(n) thought/idea/ideology/(P)
(n) intention/purpose/(P)

爻

1: change; hexagram

Old Chinese: *N-kˤraw

Middle Chinese: haew

2: change; hexagram

Old Chinese: *N-kˤraw

Middle Chinese: haew

較
1578
カク
contrast
比較
比較的
ひかく
ひかくてき
(n,vs) comparison/(P)
(adj-na,adv) comparative/relative/(P)

教
1579
キョウ（ケウ）
おし-える、おそ-わる
teach
教室
教師
きょうしつ
きょうし
(n) classroom/(P)
(n) teacher (classroom)/(P)

段

hammer

Old Chinese: *tˤo[n]-s

Middle Chinese: twanH

鍛
1580
タン
きた-える
forge
鍛錬
鍛冶
たんれん
たんや
(n,vs) tempering/forging/hardening/disciplining/training/(P)
(n,vs) metallurgy

段
1581
ダン
steps
普段
手段
ふだん
しゅだん
(adj-no) usual/habitual/ordinary/everyday/always/(P)
(n) means/way/measure/(P)

來

1: a kind of wheat

Old Chinese: *mə.rˤək (> *mə.rˤə)

Middle Chinese: loj

2: come

Old Chinese: *mə.rˤək (> *rˤə)

Middle Chinese: loj

麦
1582
麥
バク
むぎ
wheat
麦酒
麦芽
ばくしゅ
ばくが
(n) (uk) beer
(n) malt/(P)

来
1583
來
ライ
きた-す、きた-る、く-る
come
来年
以来
らいねん
いらい
(n-adv,n-t) next year/(P)
(n-adv,n-t) since/henceforth/(P)

追

pursue

Old Chinese: *truj

Middle Chinese: trwij

帰
1584
歸
キ
かえ-す、かえ-る
return
帰宅
復帰
きたく
ふっき
(n,vs) returning home/(P)
(n,vs) (1) return/comeback/reinstatement/(2) carriage return/CR/(P)

追
1585
ツイ
お-う
follow
追記
追求
ついき
ついきゅう
(n,vs) PS/postscript
(n) (1) pursuing (goal)/pursuit/seeking/search/(vs) (2) to pursue (e.g. goal)/to seek/(P)

夅

submit

Old Chinese: *m-kˤru[ŋ] (? < *-[u]m)

Middle Chinese: haewng

降
1586
コウ（カウ）
お-りる、お-ろす、ふ-る
descend
以降
降臨
いこう
こうりん
(n-adv,n-t) on and after/as from/hereafter/thereafter/(P)
(n,vs) advent/descent

隆
1587
隆
リュウ
hump
隆盛
隆起
りゅうせい
りゅうき
(adj-na,n) prosperity/(P)
(n,vs) protuberance/projection/rising/(P)

亘

1: turn around, turn back

Old Chinese: *[ɢ]ʷˤar

Middle Chinese: hwan

2: turn around

Old Chinese: *s-[q]ʷar

Middle Chinese: sjwen

3: 阿會亘 ēhuìxuān: Skt. ābhāsvara ‘shining’ (E. Hàn)

Old Chinese: *swar (< *s-[q]ʷar)

Middle Chinese: sjwen

垣
1588
エン（ヱン）
かき
hedge
紫微垣
しびえん
(n) Purple Forbidden Enclosure (group of constellations in the northern sky associated with the emperor)

宣
1589
セン
proclaim
宣言
宣伝
せんげん
せんでん
(n,vs) declaration/proclamation/announcement/(P)
(n,vs) propaganda/publicity/advertisement/advertising/(P)

前

before

Old Chinese: *[dz]ˤen (~ *m-dzˤen)

Middle Chinese: dzen

煎
1590
セン
い-る
broil
煎餅
煎茶
せんべい
せんちゃ
(n) rice cookie/Japanese cracker/wafer/(P)
(n) green tea/tea leaves

前
1591
ゼン
まえ
in front
午前中
前日
ごぜんちゅう
ぜんじつ
(n) this morning/in the morning/throughout the morning
(n-adv,n-t) previous day/the day before/(P)

能

1: a kind of bear

Old Chinese: *nˤə

Middle Chinese: noj

2: a kind of bear

Old Chinese: *nˤə(ŋ)

Middle Chinese: nong

3: able; ability

Old Chinese: *nˤə(ʔ) (~ *nˤəŋ)

Middle Chinese: nong

態
1592
タイ
condition
事態
態度
じたい
たいど
(n) situation/(present) state of affairs/circumstances/(P)
(n) attitude/manner/behaviour/(P)

能
1593
ノウ
ability
能力
芸能人
のうりょく
げいのうじん
(n) ability/faculty/(P)
(n) performer/(P)

疹

fever

Old Chinese: *tʰrə[n]-s

Middle Chinese: trhinH

診
1594
シン
み-る
checkup
診断
診察
しんだん
しんさつ
(n,vs) diagnosis/(P)
(n,vs) medical examination/(P)

珍
1595
チン
めずら-しい
rare
珍道中
珍味
ちんどうちゅう
ちんみ
(n) incident-filled journey
(n) delicacy/(P)

異

different

Old Chinese: *ɢ(r)ək-s

Middle Chinese: yiH

異
1596
イ
こと
uncommon
異常
異様
いじょう
いよう
(adj-na,n) strangeness/abnormality/disorder/(P)
(adj-na,n) bizarre/strange/eccentric/odd/queer/(P)

翼
1597
ヨク
つばさ
wing
一翼
尾翼
いちよく
びよく
(n) (a) part/(P)
(n) tail/tail plane

矢

arrow

Old Chinese: *l̥i[j]ʔ

Middle Chinese: syijX

矢
1598
シ
や
arrow
一矢
弓矢
いっし
きゅうし
(n-adv,n) an arrow/(a) retort
(n) bow and arrow

知
1599
チ
し-る
know
ご存知
知人
ごぞんじ
ちじん
(ateji) (n) (1) (hon) knowing/(2) (an) acquaintance
(n) friend/acquaintance/(P)

罙

深
1600
シン
ふか-い、ふか-まる、ふか-める
deep
深夜
深層
しんや
しんそう
(n-adv,n-t) late at night/(P)
(n) depths/deep level/(P)

探
1601
タン
さが-す、さぐ-る
grope
探偵
探検
たんてい
たんけん
(n,vs) detective/sleuth/investigator/(P)
(n,vs) exploration/expedition/(P)

派

TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: m̥ʰreːɡs

派
1602
ハ
sect
立派
会派
りっぱ
かいは
(adj-na,n) splendid/fine/handsome/elegant/imposing/prominent/legal/legitimate/(P)
(n) faction/denomination/communion

脈
1603
ミャク
vein
人脈
脈絡
じんみゃく
みゃくらく
(n) personal connections/(P)
(n) chain of reasoning/logical connection/coherence/context/(P)

山

mountain, hill

Old Chinese: *s-ŋrar

Middle Chinese: srean

山
1604
サン
やま
mountain
富士山
青山
ふじさん
せいざん
(n) Mt Fuji/(P)
(n) (1) blue or green mountain/(2) grave/burial place/(P)

仙
1605
セン
hermit
仙台
仙人
せんだい
せんにん
(n) Sendai (city)
(n) (1) immortal mountain wizard (in Taoism)/mountain man (esp. a hermit)/(2) one not bound by earthly desires or the thoughts of normal men/(P)

彦

TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: ŋrans

顔
1606
ガン
かお
face
顔面
顔色
がんめん
がんしょく
(n) face (of person)/(P)
(n) complexion/countenance/expression

産
1607
サン
う-まれる、う-む、うぶ
give birth
不動産
産業
ふどうさん
さんぎょう
(n) real estate/(P)
(n) industry/(P)

爲

1: TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: ɢʷal

2: TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: ɢʷal

3: TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: ɢʷals

為
1608
爲
イ（ヰ）
do
行為
所為
こうい
しょい
(n) act/deed/conduct/(P)
(n) (obsc) act/deed/one's doing

偽
1609
僞
ギ
いつわ-る、にせ
falsehood
偽装
偽造
ぎそう
ぎぞう
(n,vs) disguise/camouflage/masquerade/(P)
(n,vs) forgery/falsification/fabrication/counterfeiting/(P)

保

protect

Old Chinese: *pˤuʔ

Middle Chinese: pawX

保
1610
ホ
たも-つ
preserve
保存
確保
ほぞん
かくほ
(n,vs) preservation/conservation/storage/saving (e.g., to disk)/maintenance/(P)
(n,vs) guarantee/maintain/ensure/insure/secure/reservation/(P)

褒
1611
襃
ホウ
ほ-める
praise
褒美
ご褒美
ほうび
ごほうび
(n) reward/prize/(P)
(n) reward/prize

獄

lawsuit; prison

Old Chinese: *[ŋ]rok

Middle Chinese: ngjowk

岳
1612
嶽
ガク
たけ
point
山岳
岳人
さんがく
がくじん
(n) mountains/(P)
(n) alpinist/mountaineer

獄
1613
ゴク
prison
地獄
監獄
じごく
かんごく
(n) hell/(P)
(n) prison/(P)

屋

house; roof

Old Chinese: *qˤok (or *ʔˤok ?)

Middle Chinese: 'uwk

握
1614
アク
にぎ-る
grip
把握
握手
はあく
あくしゅ
(n,vs) grasp/catch/understanding/(P)
(n,vs) handshake/(P)

屋
1615
オク（ヲク）
や
roof
本屋
屋上
ほんおく
おくじょう
(n) principal residence
(n) rooftop/(P)

卓

high; splendid

Old Chinese: *tˤrawk

Middle Chinese: traewk

卓
1616
タク
eminent
食卓
卓球
しょくたく
たっきゅう
(n) dining table/(P)
(n) table tennis/ping-pong/(P)

悼
1617
トウ（タウ）
いた-む
lament
追悼
哀悼
ついとう
あいとう
(n,vs) mourning/memorial/(P)
(n,vs) condolence/regret/sorrow/sympathy/lament/(P)

隶

reach to

Old Chinese: *m-rˤəp-s

Middle Chinese: dojH

逮
1618
タイ
apprehend
逮捕
逮捕者
たいほ
たいほしゃ
(n,vs) arrest/apprehension/capture/(P)
(n) arrestee/person arrested

隷
1619
レイ
slave
隷属
奴隷解放
れいぞく
どれいかいほう
(n,vs) subordination
(n) emancipation of slaves

垚

TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: ŋeːw

暁
1620
曉
ギョウ（ゲウ）
あかつき
daybreak
暁天
暁光
ぎょうてん
ぎょうこう
(n) dawn
(n) the light of dawn

焼
1621
燒
ショウ（セウ）
や-く、や-ける
bake
焼酎
燃焼
しょうちゅう
ねんしょう
(n) shochu (Japanese liquor similar to vodka)/(P)
(n,vs) burning/combustion/(P)

延

extend

Old Chinese: *la[n]

Middle Chinese: yen

延
1622
エン
の-ばす、の-びる、の-べる
prolong
延長
延期
えんちょう
えんき
(n,vs) (1) extension/elongation/prolongation/lengthening/(n) (2) Enchou era (923.4.11-931.4.26)/(P)
(n,vs) postponement/adjournment/(P)

誕
1623
タン
nativity
生誕
誕生会
せいたん
たんじょうかい
(n,vs) birth/nativity/(P)
(n) birthday party

鬼

ghost

Old Chinese: *k-ʔujʔ

Middle Chinese: kjw+jX

塊
1624
カイ（クヮイ）
かたまり
clod
団塊
団塊世代
だんかい
だんかいせだい
(n) mass/lump/(P)
(n) the babyboomers/the baby boom generation

鬼
1625
キ
おに
ghost
鬼門
鬼畜
きもん
きちく
(n) the northeastern (unlucky) direction/person or thing to be avoided
(n) brute

鳥

bird

Old Chinese: *tˤiwʔ

Middle Chinese: tewX

鳥
1626
チョウ（テウ）
とり
bird
野鳥
白鳥
やちょう
はくちょう
(n) wild bird/(P)
(n) (1) swan (Cygnus Bechstein, Cygnus ssp.)/(2) white-feathered bird/(P)

島
1627
トウ（タウ）
しま
island
半島
列島
はんとう
れっとう
(n) peninsula/(P)
(n) archipelago/chain of islands/(P)

坴

TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: m·ruɡ

睦
1628
ボク
harmonious
親睦
親睦会
しんぼく
しんぼくかい
(n,vs) friendship/reunion/(P)
(n) informal social gathering

陸
1629
リク
land
陸上
上陸
りくじょう
じょうりく
(n) land/ground/shore/(P)
(n,vs) landing/disembarkation/(P)

妻

1: consort, wife

Old Chinese: *[tsʰ]ˤəj

Middle Chinese: tshej

2: give as wife

Old Chinese: *[tsʰ]ˤəj-s

Middle Chinese: tshejH

妻
1630
サイ
つま
wife
夫妻
愛妻
ふさい
あいさい
(n) man and wife/married couple/(P)
(n) beloved wife

凄
1631
セイ
uncanny
凄惨
凄絶
せいさん
せいぜつ
(adj-na,n) ghostliness/gruesomeness
(adj-na,n) extremely/violently

北

north

Old Chinese: *pˤək

Middle Chinese: pok

背
1632
ハイ
せ、せい、そむ-く、そむ-ける
back
背後
背筋
はいご
はいきん
(n) back/rear/(P)
(n) (1) the muscles along the spine/dorsal muscles/(2) spinal column/(3) seam in the back/back seam

北
1633
ホク
きた
north
北陸
北部
ほくりく
ほくぶ
(n) region west of Tokyo on Japan Sea side of Japan/(P)
(n) north/northern part/(P)

寸

thumb; inch

Old Chinese: *[tsʰ]ˤu[n]-s

Middle Chinese: tshwonH

寸
1634
スン
measurement
寸前
一寸
すんぜん
いっすん
(n) on the verge/just in front of/(P)
(n) (1) one sun (approx. 3.03 cm)/(2) a little bit (of time, distance, etc.)

村
1635
ソン
むら
village
市町村
農村
しちょうそん
のうそん
(n) cities, towns and villages/municipalities/(P)
(n) agricultural community/farm village/rural/(P)

甘

sweet

Old Chinese: *[k]ˤ[a]m

Middle Chinese: kam

甘
1636
カン
あま-い、あま-える、あま-やかす
sweet
甘味
甘美
かんみ
かんび
(n) sweetness/sugary taste
(adj-na,n) sweet/(P)

紺
1637
コン
dark blue
濃紺
紫紺
のうこん
しこん
(n) dark blue/(P)
(n) bluish purple

壽

1: longevity

Old Chinese: *[N-t]uʔ

Middle Chinese: dzyuwX

2: longevity

Old Chinese: *[N-t]uʔ-s

Middle Chinese: dzyuwH

寿
1638
壽
ジュ
ことぶき
longevity
寿命
長寿
じゅみょう
ちょうじゅ
(n) life span/(P)
(n) longevity/(P)

鋳
1639
鑄
チュウ（チウ）
い-る
casting
鋳造
鋳鉄
ちゅうぞう
ちゅうてつ
(n,vs) casting/founding/minting/(P)
(n) cast iron

呂

spine; pitch-pipe

Old Chinese: *[r]aʔ

Middle Chinese: ljoX

侶
1640
リョ
companion
侶伴
同侶
りょはん
どうりょ
(n) companion
(n) companion

呂
1641
ロ
spine
露天風呂
麻呂
ろてんぶろ
まろ
(n) open air bath/rotemburo
(n) (1) (arch) I/(2) (person having) thin or shaved eyebrows/(suf) (3) affectionate suffix for names of young men or pets

蟲

insect

Old Chinese: *C.lruŋ

Middle Chinese: drjuwng

虫
1642
蟲
チュウ
むし
insect
幼虫
害虫
ようちゅう
がいちゅう
(n) larva/chrysalis/(P)
(n) harmful insect/noxious insect/(P)

融
1643
ユウ
dissolve
融合
融資
ゆうごう
ゆうし
(n,vs) agglutination/adhesion/fusion/unite/(P)
(n,vs) financing/loan/(P)

犮

TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: boːd

髪
1644
髮
ハツ
かみ
hair of the head
白髪
金髪
はくはつ
きんぱつ
(n) white or grey hair (gray)/trendy hair bleaching/(P)
(n) blond hair/(P)

抜
1645
拔
バツ
ぬ-かす、ぬ-かる、ぬ-く、ぬ-ける
slip out
選抜
奇抜
せんばつ
きばつ
(n,vs) selection/choice/picking out/(P)
(adj-na,n) novel/original/striking/strange/eccentric/fantastic/(P)

争

TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: ʔsreːŋ

浄
1646
淨
ジョウ（ジャウ）
clean
浄化
洗浄
じょうか
せんじょう
(n,vs) purification/cleanup/(P)
(n,vs) washing/cleaning/laundering/(P)

争
1647
爭
ソウ（サウ）
あらそ-う
conflict
紛争
闘争
ふんそう
とうそう
(n,vs) dispute/trouble/strife/(P)
(n,vs) strife/conflict/(P)

隱

1: grieved; suffering

Old Chinese: *[ʔ](r)ə[n]ʔ

Middle Chinese: 'j+nX

2: conceal

Old Chinese: *[ʔ](r)ə[n]ʔ

Middle Chinese: 'j+nX

3: lean on

Old Chinese: *ʔ(r)ə[r]ʔ-s

Middle Chinese: 'j+nH

隠
1648
隱
イン
かく-す、かく-れる
conceal
隠居
隠滅
いんきょ
いんめつ
(n,vs) (1) retirement/(2) retired person/(P)
(n,vs) destruction/suppression/(P)

穏
1649
穩
オン（ヲン）
おだ-やか
calm
平穏
不穏
へいおん
ふおん
(adj-na,n) tranquil/calm/restful/peaceful/quiet/(P)
(adj-na,n) unrest/turbulence/impropriety/(P)

尊

1: honor (v.)

Old Chinese: *[ts]ˤu[n]

Middle Chinese: tswon

2: wine-cup

Old Chinese: *[ts]ˤu[n]

Middle Chinese: tswon

遵
1650
ジュン
abide by
遵守
遵法
じゅんしゅ
じゅんぽう
(n,vs) compliance/adherence (to a set of rules)/(religious) observance
(adj-na,n) law-abiding

尊
1651
ソン
たっと-い、たっと-ぶ、とうと-い、とうと-ぶ
revered
尊重
尊厳
そんちょう
そんげん
(n,vs) respect/esteem/regard/(P)
(adj-na,n) dignity/majesty/sanctity/(P)

乙

2nd heavenly stem

Old Chinese: *qrət

Middle Chinese: 'it

乙
1652
オツ
the latter
甲乙
乙種
こうおつ
おつしゅ
(n) (1) A and B/excellent and good/similarity/(2) discrimination/discernment/distinction/(3) first and second parties (in legal contexts)/(P)
(n) second grade

札
1653
サツ
ふだ
tag
改札
落札
かいさつ
らくさつ
(n,vs) examination of tickets/(P)
(n,vs) having one's bid accepted (e.g. for contract)/(P)

弱

weak

Old Chinese: *newk

Middle Chinese: nyak

弱
1654
ジャク
よわ-い、よわ-まる、よわ-める、よわ-る
weak
弱点
弱者
じゃくてん
じゃくしゃ
(n) weak point/weakness/(P)
(n) weak person/the weak/(P)

溺
1655
デキ
おぼ-れる
drown
溺愛
溺死
できあい
できし
(n,vs) doting
(n,vs) death by drowning

兓

TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: sl'ɯm

蚕
1656
蠶
サン
かいこ
silkworm
養蚕
蚕室
ようさん
さんしつ
(n) sericulture/silkworm culture/(P)
(n) silkworm-raising room

潜
1657
潛
セン
ひそ-む、もぐ-る
submerge
潜在
潜入
せんざい
せんにゅう
(n,vs) potentiality/dormancy/latency/(P)
(n,vs) infiltration/sneaking in/(P)

陳

1: arrange

Old Chinese: *lri[n]

Middle Chinese: drin

2: battle array

Old Chinese: *lri[n]-s

Middle Chinese: drinH

陣
1658
ジン（ヂン）
camp
出陣
投手陣
しゅつじん
とうしゅじん
(n,vs) departure for the front/(P)
(n) pitching staff

陳
1659
チン
exhibit
陳列
新陳代謝
ちんれつ
しんちんたいしゃ
(n,vs) exhibition/display/show/(P)
(n,vs) renewal/replacement/metabolism/(P)

殻

殻
1660
殼
カク
から
husk
地殻
甲殻類
ちかく
こうかくるい
(n) earth's crust/(P)
(n) crustacean

穀
1661
穀
コク
cereals
穀物
雑穀
こくもつ
ざっこく
(n) grain/cereal/corn/(P)
(n) assorted grains

云

say

Old Chinese: *[ɢ]ʷə[r]

Middle Chinese: hjun

雲
1662
ウン
くも
cloud
風雲
彩雲
ふううん
さいうん
(n) winds and clouds/elements/situation/state of affairs/(P)
(n) glowing clouds

魂
1663
コン
たましい
soul
入魂
闘魂
にゅうこん
とうこん
(adj-na,n) (1) intimacy/(2) putting one's heart and soul into
(n) fighting spirit

臭

1: odor, to stink (intransitive)?

Old Chinese: *t-qʰu(ʔ)-s

Middle Chinese: tsyhuwH

2: odor, to stink (intransitive)?

Old Chinese: *qʰu(ʔ)-s

Middle Chinese: xjuwH

嗅
1664
キュウ（キウ）
か-ぐ
smell
嗅覚
嗅神経
きゅうかく
きゅうしんけい
(n) the sense of smell
(n) olfactory nerve

臭
1665
臭
シュウ（シウ）
くさ-い、にお-う
stinking
消臭
口臭
しょうしゅう
こうしゅう
(n) deodorization
(n) bad breath/halitosis

戾

transgress

Old Chinese: *[r]ˤe[t]-s

Middle Chinese: lejH

涙
1666
淚
ルイ
なみだ
tears
感涙
催涙
かんるい
さいるい
(n) tears of gratitude/(P)
(n) lachrymal/(P)

戻
1667
戾
レイ
もど-す、もど-る
re-
返戻
返戻金
へんれい
へんれいきん
(n,vs) returning/giving back
(n) (1) terminal bonus/lump sum when policy matures/(2) payout on cancellation of contract

尼

1: to stop

Old Chinese: *nˤərʔ

Middle Chinese: nejX

2: to stop, obstruct

Old Chinese: *nˤərʔ-s

Middle Chinese: nejH

3: near, close

Old Chinese: *nr[əj]

Middle Chinese: nrij

泥
1668
デイ
どろ
mud
雲泥の差
泥水
うんでいのさ
でいすい
(exp) wide difference/a world of difference/(P)
(n) (1) muddy water/(2) red-light district

尼
1669
ニ
あま
nun
尼僧
僧尼
にそう
そうに
(n) priestess/(P)
(n) monks and nuns

集

gather, collect

Old Chinese: *[dz][u]p

Middle Chinese: dzip

雑
1670
雜
ザツ、ゾウ（ザフ）
miscellaneous
雑記
雑誌
雑炊
雑木林
ざっき
ざっし
ぞうすい
ぞうぼくりん
(n) miscellaneous notes
(n) journal/magazine/periodical/(P)
(n) rice gruel containing vegetables, fish, etc., and seasoned with miso or soy sauce/(P)
(n) grove of mixed trees/copse

集
1671
シュウ（シフ）
あつ-まる、あつ-める、つど-う
collect
編集
募集
へんしゅう
ぼしゅう
(n,vs) editing/compilation/editorial (e.g. committee)/(P)
(n,vs) recruiting/taking applications/(P)

子

1: 1st earthly branch

Old Chinese: *[ts]əʔ

Middle Chinese: tsiX

2: child; gentleman, master

Old Chinese: *tsəʔ

Middle Chinese: tsiX

子
1672
ス、シ
こ
child
様子
金子
女子
調子
ようす
きんす
じょし
ちょうし
(n) aspect/state/appearance/(P)
(n) money/funds/(P)
(n) woman/girl/(P)
(n) tune/tone/key/pitch/time/rhythm/vein/mood/way/manner/style/knack/condition/state of health/strain/impetus/spur of the moment/trend/(P)

字
1673
ジ
あざ
letter
文字
数字
もんじ
すうじ
(ok) (n) (1) letter (of alphabet)/character/(adj-no) (2) literal/(P)
(n) (math) numeral/figure/digit/numeric character/(P)

世

generation

Old Chinese: *l̥ap-s

Middle Chinese: syejH

世
1674
セイ、セ
よ
world
前世
中世
お世話
世代
ぜんせい
ちゅうせい
おせわ
せだい
(n) antiquity/the previous era
(n-adv,n-t) Middle Ages/mediaeval times/(P)
(n) help/aid/assistance
(n) generation/the world/the age/(P)

葉
1675
ヨウ（エフ）
は
leaf
観葉植物
落葉
かんようしょくぶつ
らくよう
(n) decorative plant
(n,vs) fallen leaves/leaf litter/defoliation/shedding leaves

本

tree trunk

Old Chinese: *C.pˤə[n]ʔ

Middle Chinese: pwonX

鉢
1676
ハチ、ハツ
bowl
金魚鉢
すり鉢
衣鉢
きんぎょばち
すりばち
いはつ
(n) goldfish bowl
(n) (earthenware) mortar (for grinding)
(n) mysteries of one's master's art

本
1677
ホン
もと
book
日本人
本来
にっぽんじん
ほんらい
(n) Japanese person/Japanese people
(n-adv,n-t,adj-no) essentially/naturally/by nature/in (and of) itself/originally/(P)

車

1: chariot

Old Chinese: *[t.qʰ](r)A

Middle Chinese: tsyhae

2: chariot

Old Chinese: *C.q(r)a

Middle Chinese: kjo

庫
1678
コ、ク
warehouse
兵庫県
文庫
庫裏
ひょうごけん
ぶんこ
くり
(n) Hyogo prefecture (Kinki area) (Hyougo)
(n) (1) library/book collection/(2) paperback book/(P)
(n) monastery kitchen/priests' quarters

車
1679
シャ
くるま
car
電車
自転車
でんしゃ
じてんしゃ
(n) (electric) train/(P)
(n) bicycle/(P)

樂

1: to cure

Old Chinese: *[r]ˤawk

Middle Chinese: lak

2: joy; enjoy

Old Chinese: *[r]ˤawk

Middle Chinese: lak

3: cause to rejoice

Old Chinese: *[ŋ]ˤrawk-s

Middle Chinese: ngaewH

4: music

Old Chinese: *[ŋ]ˤrawk

Middle Chinese: ngaewk

楽
1680
樂
ガク、ラク
たの-しい、たの-しむ
pleasure
楽器
映画音楽
気楽
楽天
がっき
えいがおんがく
きらく
らくてん
(n) musical instrument/(P)
(n) film music
(adj-na,n) at ease/comfortable/(P)
(n) optimism

薬
1681
藥
ヤク
くすり
medicine
農薬
薬局
のうやく
やっきょく
(n) agricultural chemical (i.e. pesticide, herbicide, fungicide, etc.)/agrochemical/agrichemical/(P)
(n) pharmacy/chemist (shop)/drugstore/(P)

婁

drag, trail (v.)

Old Chinese: *[r]o

Middle Chinese: lju

数
1682
數
ス、スウ
かず、かぞ-える
number
少人数
数独
数年
多数
しょうにんず
すどく
すうねん
たすう
(n,adj-no) small number of people
(ik) (n) Sudoku (number puzzle in which digits may only occur once per block)
(n) several years
(n-adv,n) (1) great number/(adj-no) (2) countless/majority/(P)

楼
1683
樓
ロウ
watchtower
楼門
楼閣
ろうもん
ろうかく
(n) two-storied gate/tower gate
(n) multistoried building/(P)

禾

growing grain

Old Chinese: *[ɢ]ˤoj

Middle Chinese: hwa

和
1684
ワ、オ（ヲ）
なご-む、なご-やか、やわ-らぐ、やわ-らげる
peace
英和
和英
和尚
えいわ
わえい
おしょう
(n) English-Japanese (e.g. dictionary)/(P)
(n) Japanese-English/(P)
(n) (1) (hon) preceptor or high priest (esp. in Zen or Pure Land Buddhism)/(2) second highest priestly rank in Buddhism/(3) monk (esp. the head monk of a temple)/(4) master (of one's art, trade, etc.)/(P)

科
1685
カ（クヮ）
section
科学
教科書
かがく
きょうかしょ
(n) science/(P)
(n) textbook/text book/(P)

亞

secondary

Old Chinese: *ʔˤrak-s

Middle Chinese: 'aeH

亜
1686
亞
ア
sub-
大東亜戦争
亜熱帯
だいとうあせんそう
あねったい
(n) (sens) The Greater East Asian War/The Pacific War (1941-1945)
(n) subtropics/(P)

悪
1687
惡
アク、オ（ヲ）
わる-い
bad
最悪
悪魔
悪感
嫌悪
さいあく
あくま
おかん
けんお
(adj-na,n) the worst/(P)
(n) devil/demon/fiend/Satan/evil spirit/(P)
(n) ill or unhappy feeling/feeling feverish and chilly
(n,vs) disgust/hate/repugnance/(P)

聿

1: following, thereupon

Old Chinese: *[N.]rut

Middle Chinese: ywit

2: writing stylus or brush (pron. in Chǔ 楚 ap. Shuōwén; E. Hàn)

Old Chinese: *[m-]rut

Middle Chinese: ywit

筆
1688
ヒツ
ふで
writing brush
筆者
筆頭
ひっしゃ
ひっとう
(n) writer (often in self-reference)/author/(P)
(n) brush tip/first on a list/(P)

律
1689
リチ、リツ
law
律儀
律義
法律
自律
りちぎ
りちぎ
ほうりつ
じりつ
(adj-na,n) honesty/faithfulness/conscientiousness/integrity
(adj-na,n) honesty/faithfulness/conscientiousness/integrity
(n) law/(P)
(n) autonomy/(P)

即

1: go to

Old Chinese: *[ts]ik

Middle Chinese: tsik

2: thereupon

Old Chinese: *[ts]ik

Middle Chinese: tsik

節
1690
節
セチ、セツ
ふし
node
節分
お節
節約
関節
せちぶん
おせち
せつやく
かんせつ
(n) holiday for end of winter (Bean Throwing Night)
(n) food served during the New Year's Holidays
(n,vs) economising/saving/(P)
(n) joints (knee joint, elbow joint, etc.)/(P)

即
1691
卽
ソク
instant
即席
即日
そくせき
そくじつ
(n) instant/(P)
(n-adv,n-t) same day/(P)

惠

kind, good

Old Chinese: *[ɢ]ʷˤi[j]-s

Middle Chinese: hwejH

恵
1692
惠
エ（ヱ）、ケイ
めぐ-む
favor
知恵
恵方
互恵
慈恵
ちえ
えほう
ごけい
じけい
(n) (1) wisdom/wit/sagacity/sense/intelligence/(2) (Buddh) prajna (insight leading to enlightenmen)/(P)
(n) favourable or lucky direction (favorable)
(n) reciprocity/mutual benefit
(n) mercy and love

穂
1693
穗
スイ
ほ
ear
出穂
穂状
しゅっすい
すいじょう
(n) appearance of ears of grain
(n,adj-no) shaped like an ear of grain

執

seize

Old Chinese: *[t]ip

Middle Chinese: tsyip

摯
1694
シ
seriousness
真摯
しんし
(adj-na,n) sincerity/earnestness/(P)

執
1695
シツ、シュウ（シフ）
と-る
tenacious
執筆
執行
執念
執着
しっぴつ
しっこう
しゅうねん
しゅうじゃく
(n,vs) writing (e.g. as a profession)/(P)
(n,vs) enforcement/performance/(P)
(n) tenacity/implacability/(P)
(n,vs) attachment/adhesion/tenacity/(P)

祝

1: to curse

Old Chinese: *[t]uk-s

Middle Chinese: tsyuwH

2: pray, recite

Old Chinese: *[t]uk

Middle Chinese: tsyuwk

3: cut off, break

Old Chinese: *tuk

Middle Chinese: tsyuwk

祝
1696
祝
シュウ（シウ）、シュク
いわ-う
celebrate
祝儀
祝言
祝日
祝福
しゅうぎ
しゅうげん
しゅくじつ
しゅくふく
(n) congratulations/celebration/congratulatory gift/tip/(P)
(n) wedding celebration
(n) national holiday/(P)
(n,vs) blessing/(P)

呪
1697
ジュ
のろ-う
curse
呪文
呪縛
じゅもん
じゅばく
(n) spell/charm/incantation/magic word
(n,vs) curse/spell

卬

1: high; lift high

Old Chinese: *[k.ŋ]ˤaŋ

Middle Chinese: ngang

2: I, me

Old Chinese: *ŋˤaŋ

Middle Chinese: ngang

仰
1698
ギョウ（ギャウ）、コウ（カウ）
あお-ぐ、おお-せ
face-up
仰天
仰角
信仰
信仰心
ぎょうてん
ぎょうかく
しんこう
しんこうしん
(n,vs) being amazed/being horrified/being taken aback/(P)
(n) angle of elevation
(n,vs) (religious) faith/belief/creed/(P)
(n) (religious) piety

迎
1699
ゲイ
むか-える
welcome
送迎
歓迎会
そうげい
かんげいかい
(n,vs) seeing off and meeting on return/(P)
(n) welcome party

易

1: easy

Old Chinese: *lek-s

Middle Chinese: yeH

2: change; exchange

Old Chinese: *lek

Middle Chinese: yek

易
1700
イ、エキ
やさ-しい
easy
容易
簡易
貿易
交易
ようい
かんい
ぼうえき
こうえき
(adj-na,n) easy/simple/plain/(P)
(adj-na,n) simplicity/convenience/easiness/quasi-/(P)
(n,vs) trade (foreign)/(P)
(n,vs) trade/commerce/(P)

賜
1701
シ
たまわ-る
grant
恩賜
下賜
おんし
かし
(n) Imperial gift/(P)
(n,vs) grant/bestowal/giving something to someone of low social standing (by a person of very high social standing)

武

military

Old Chinese: *m(r)aʔ

Middle Chinese: mjuX

賦
1702
フ
levy
天賦
割賦
てんぷ
かっぷ
(n) natural talent/natural gift/endowment
(n) allotment/quota/payment in installments/payment in instalments/hire-purchase

武
1703
ム、ブ
military
武者
武者修行
武士
武装
むしゃ
むしゃしゅぎょう
ぶし
ぶそう
(n) warrior/(P)
(n,vs) traveling about to gain skill in combat (travelling)
(n) warrior/samurai/(P)
(n,vs) arms/armament/armed/(P)

皿

vessel, bowl

Old Chinese: *mraŋʔ

Middle Chinese: mjaengX

皿
1704
バイ、ミョウ
さら
dish

猛
1705
モウ（マウ）
fierce
猛烈
猛進
もうれつ
もうしん
(adj-na,n) violent/vehement/rage/(P)
(n,vs) rushing madly ahead

若

1: you

Old Chinese: *nak

Middle Chinese: nyak

2: agree

Old Chinese: *nak

Middle Chinese: nyak

若
1706
ニャク、ジャク
も-しくは、わか-い
young
老若
老若男女
若年
傍若無人
ろうにゃく
ろうにゃくなんにょ
じゃくねん
ぼうじゃくぶじん
(n,adj-na) young and old/all ages/(P)
(n) men and women of all ages
(n) youth/(P)
(adj-na,n,adj-no) arrogance/audacity/(behaving) outrageously as though there were no one around/insolence/defiance/overbearing

諾
1707
ダク
consent
承諾
許諾
しょうだく
きょだく
(n,vs) consent/acquiescence/agreement/(P)
(n,vs) consent/(P)

豊

ritual vessel

Old Chinese: *[r]ˤijʔ

Middle Chinese: lejX

体
1708
體
タイ、テイ
からだ
body
全体
体調
人体
人体
ぜんたい
たいちょう
じんてい
にんてい
(n-adv,n-t) whole/entirety/whatever (is the matter)/(P)
(n) physical condition/(P)
(n) personal appearance/looks
(n) personal appearance/looks

礼
1709
禮
ライ、レイ
thanks
礼拝
礼賛
お礼
洗礼
らいはい
らいさん
おれい
せんれい
(n,vs) (1) worship (esp. Buddhist and Shinto)
(n,vs) praise/worship/adoration/glorification
(n) thanking/expression of gratitude/(P)
(n) baptism/(P)

儥

sell

Old Chinese: *[l][iw]k

Middle Chinese: yuwk

続
1710
續
ゾク
つづ-く、つづ-ける
continue
連続
続編
れんぞく
ぞくへん
(n,vs) serial/consecutive/continuity/occurring in succession/continuing/(P)
(n) continuation/sequel/(P)

読
1711
讀
ドク、トク、トウ
よ-む
read
読者
必読
読本
副読本
句読点
読点
どくしゃ
ひつどく
とくほん
ふくとくほん
くとうてん
とうてん
(n) reader/(P)
(n) should be read by all/(P)
(n) reading-book/(P)
(n) supplementary reader
(n) (ling) punctuation mark(s)/(P)
(n) (ling) comma

步

step

Old Chinese: *mə-bˤa-s

Middle Chinese: buH

捗
1712
チョク
make progress
進捗
進捗状況
しんちょく
しんちょくじょうきょう
(n,vs) progress/under way
(n) state of progress

歩
1713
步
ホ、ブ、フ
あゆ-む、ある-く
walk
一歩
進歩
町歩
反歩
歩兵師団
敵歩
いっぽ
しんぽ
ちょうぶ
たんぶ
ふひょうしだん
てきふ
(n-adv,n-t) (1) (a) step/(2) level/stage/(3) small degree/small amount/(P)
(n,vs) progress/development/(P)
(n) hectare (2.471 acres)
(n) unit of land area (approx. one-tenth hectare)
(n) Infantry Division
(n) opponents pawn

爾

1: numerous

Old Chinese: *nˤ[ə][r]ʔ

Middle Chinese: nejX

2: (adv. suffix)

Old Chinese: *n[ə][r]ʔ

Middle Chinese: nyeX

3: you(r)

Old Chinese: *n[ə][r]ʔ

Middle Chinese: nyeX

弥
1714
彌
ゲイ、ミ、ビ
や
all the more
沙弥
弥縫
弥縫策
さみ
びほう
びほうさく
(n) male Buddhist novice
(n,vs) patching up
(n) stopgap measure/temporary expedient

璽
1715
ジ
emperor's seal
御璽
御名御璽
ぎょじ
ぎょめいぎょじ
(n) imperial seal/privy seal
(n) the imperial or privy seal

內

1: bring or send in

Old Chinese: *nˤ[u]p

Middle Chinese: nop

2: inside

Old Chinese: *nˤ[u]p-s

Middle Chinese: nwojH

内
1716
ダイ、ナイ
うち
inside
内裏
海内
内容
国内
だいり
かいだい
ないよう
こくない
(n) imperial palace
(n) the whole country
(n) subject/contents/matter/substance/detail/import/(P)
(n) internal/domestic/(P)

納
1717
ナ、ナッ、ノウ（ナフ）、トウ（タフ）、ナン
おさ-まる、おさ-める
settlement
大納言
納豆菌
納所
収納
納品
出納責任者
出納簿
だいなごん
なっとうきん
なっしょ
しゅうのう
のうひん
すいとうせきにんしゃ
すいとうぼ
(n) chief councillor of state/chief councilor of state
(n) bacillus subtilis natto
(n) temple office (for receiving offerings or donations)/(historical) office for storing land taxes
(n,vs) crop/harvest/receipts/putting or stowing away/(P)
(n,vs) delivery of goods
(n) person appointed by an electoral nominee to be in charge of their campaign-fund accounting
(n) cashbook