Potpourri Groups

There are no shared pronunciations in these groups. However, the pronunciations are still related, since they have a common ancestor in ancient Chinese.

單

1: 單于 chányú: Xiōngnú ruler (W. Hàn)

Old Chinese: *dar (< *[d]ar)

Middle Chinese: dzyen

2: single, simple

Old Chinese: *Cə.tˤar

Middle Chinese: tan

戦
1472
戰
セン
いくさ、たたか-う
war
挑戦
戦争
ちょうせん
せんそう
(n,vs) challenge/defiance/(P)
(n,vs) war/(P)

禅
1473
禪
ゼン
Zen
座禅
禅師
ざぜん
ぜんし
(n) zazen (seated Zen meditation, usu. in a cross-legged position)/(P)
(ik) (n) (hon) monk/priest, particularly a high-ranking Zen monk honored by the imperial court

単
1474
單
タン
simple
単位
単独
たんい
たんどく
(n) (1) unit/denomination/(2) credit (in school)/(P)
(n,adj-no) sole/independence/single/solo (flight)/(P)

弾
1475
彈
ダン
たま、はず-む、ひ-く
bullet
爆弾
弾圧
ばくだん
だんあつ
(n) bomb/(P)
(n,vs) oppression/suppression/pressure/(P)

勺

1: ladle (n.)

Old Chinese: *m-tewk

Middle Chinese: dzyak

2: ladle (v.)

Old Chinese: *tewk

Middle Chinese: tsyak

酌
1476
シャク
く-む
bartending
晩酌
酌量
ばんしゃく
しゃくりょう
(n,vs) evening drink/(P)
(n,vs) consideration/pardon

釣
1477
チョウ（テウ）
つ-る
angling
釣果
釣魚
ちょうか
ちょうぎょ
(n) a hooked fish/a catch
(n) fishing/angling

的
1478
テキ
まと
target
目的
本格的
もくてき
ほんかくてき
(n) purpose/goal/aim/objective/intention/(P)
(adj-na) full-blown/regular/genuine/earnest/normal/typical/fundamental/real/(P)

約
1479
ヤク
promise
予約
制約
よやく
せいやく
(n,vs) (1) reservation/appointment/booking/advance order/(2) contract/subscription/pledge/(P)
(n,vs) limitation/restriction/condition/constraints/(P)

1: TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: b·roːn

2: TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: b·ron

3: TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: b·rons

蛮
1480
蠻
バン
barbarian
南蛮
野蛮
なんばん
やばん
(n) (1) (arch) (derog) southern barbarians (formerly used by the Chinese to refer to non-ethnic Chinese to the south)/(2) (arch) South-East Asia/(3) (arch) Western Europe (esp. Spain and Portugal, their South-East Asian colonies, and their goods and people arriving in Japan via the colonies)/(pref) (4) exotic (esp. Western European or South-East Asian style)/(n) (5) (in dance, puppetry, etc.) thrusting the right foot and right arm forward at the same time (or left foot and left arm)/(n) (6) (abbr) food prepared using chili peppers or Welsh onions/(P)
(adj-na,n) savage/uncivilized/uncivilised/(P)

変
1481
變
ヘン
か-える、か-わる
change
変身
変換
へんしん
へんかん
(n,vs) metamorphosis/disguise/transformation/(P)
(n,vs) change/conversion/transformation/translation/(P)

恋
1482
戀
レン
こ-う、こい、こい-しい
romance
失恋
遠距離恋愛
しつれん
えんきょりれんあい
(n,vs) disappointed love/broken heart/unrequited love/being lovelorn/(P)
(n) long distance relationship

湾
1483
灣
ワン
gulf
台湾
湾岸
たいわん
わんがん
(n) Taiwan/(P)
(n) gulf coast/bay coast/(P)

專

exclusively

Old Chinese: *ton

Middle Chinese: tsywen

専
1484
專
セン
もっぱ-ら
specialty
専門
専用
せんもん
せんよう
(n) speciality/specialty/subject of study/expert/(P)
(n,pref,suf,adj-no) (1) exclusive use/personal use/dedicated/(2) private (e.g. network)/(P)

団
1485
團
ダン、トン
group
団体
集団
布団
掛け布団
だんたい
しゅうだん
ふとん
かけぶとん
(n) organization/organisation/association/(P)
(n) group/mass/(P)
(ateji) (n) (1) futon (quilted Japanese-style mattress laid out on the floor)/(2) round cushion used for Zen meditation (traditionally made of woven bulrush leaves)/(P)
(n) bed cover/coverlet/quilt/comforter/eiderdown

転
1486
轉
テン
ころ-がす、ころ-がる、ころ-げる、ころ-ぶ
revolve
運転
転職
うんてん
てんしょく
(n,vs) operation/motion/driving/(P)
(n,vs) change of occupation/(P)

伝
1487
傳
デン
つた-う、つた-える、つた-わる
transmit
伝統
遺伝子
でんとう
いでんし
(n) tradition/convention/(P)
(adj-na,n) gene/genetic/(P)

或

1: some; or

Old Chinese: *[ɢ]ʷˤək

Middle Chinese: hwok

2: territory

Old Chinese: *[ɢ]ʷrək

Middle Chinese: hwik

域
1488
イキ（ヰキ）
range
地域
領域
ちいき
りょういき
(n) area/region/(P)
(n) area/domain/territory/field/region/regime/(P)

国
1489
國
コク
くに
country
全国
全国
ぜんこく
ぜんごく
(n) country-wide/nation-wide/whole country/national/(P)
(n) country-wide/nation-wide/whole country/national

惑
1490
ワク
まど-う
beguile
惑星
魅惑
わくせい
みわく
(n) planet/(P)
(n,adj-no,vs) attraction/fascination/lure/captivation/charm/(P)

翟

pheasant

Old Chinese: *lˤewk

Middle Chinese: dek

濯
1491
タク
laundry
洗濯槽
電気洗濯機
せんたくそう
でんきせんたくき
(n) washing machine tub
(n) electric washing machine

躍
1492
ヤク
おど-る
leap
活躍
活躍中
かつやく
かつやくちゅう
(n) (1) activity (esp. energetic)/great efforts/conspicuous service/(vs) (2) to flourish/to participate actively/to play an active role/(P)
(exp) within an activity/during an activity

曜
1493
ヨウ（エウ）
day of the week
日曜
金曜
にちよう
きんよう
(n-adv,n) Sunday/(P)
(n-adv,n-t) (abbr) Friday/(P)

多

many

Old Chinese: *[t.l]ˤaj

Middle Chinese: ta

移
1494
イ
うつ-す、うつ-る
shift
移動
移転
いどう
いてん
(n,vs) (1) removal/migration/movement/(2) mobile (e.g. communications)/(P)
(n,vs) moving/transfer/demise/(P)

宜
1495
ギ
best regards
適宜
便宜
てきぎ
べんぎ
(adj-na) (1) suitable/appropriate/(n-adv) (2) appropriately/(P)
(adj-na,n) convenience/accommodation/advantage/expedience/(P)

多
1496
タ
おお-い
many
多分
多様
たぶん
たよう
(adv,n) (1) perhaps/probably/(adj-na,adj-no) (2) generous/many/much/great/(P)
(adj-na) diverse/varied/(P)

失

lose

Old Chinese: *l̥i[t]

Middle Chinese: syit

失
1497
シツ
うしな-う
lose
失敗
失礼
しっぱい
しつれい
(n,adj-no,vs) failure/mistake/blunder/(P)
(n,vs,adj-na) (1) discourtesy/impoliteness/(exp) (2) Excuse me/Goodbye/(vs) (3) to leave/(vs) (4) to be rude/(P)

秩
1498
チツ
regularity
無秩序
社会秩序
むちつじょ
しゃかいちつじょ
(adj-na,n) disorder/chaos/confusion/(P)
(n,vs) (maintain, observe) social (public) order

迭
1499
テツ
transfer
更迭
こうてつ
(n,vs) change/shake-up/reshuffle (e.g. of a cabinet)/dismissal (e.g. of a minister)/exchanging places/(P)

埶

1: circumstances; setting

Old Chinese: *ŋ̊et-s

Middle Chinese: syejH

2: to plant

Old Chinese: *ŋet-s (MC I!)

Middle Chinese: ngjiejH

芸
1500
藝
ゲイ
art
芸能
芸術
げいのう
げいじゅつ
(n) public entertainment/accomplishments/attainments/(P)
(n) (fine) art/the arts/(P)

勢
1501
セイ
いきお-い
power
大勢
大勢
たいせい
たいぜい
(n) general trend/current thought/(P)
(n,adj-no) many/crowd/great number of people

熱
1502
ネツ
あつ-い
heat
情熱
熱心
じょうねつ
ねっしん
(adj-na,n) passion/enthusiasm/zeal/(P)
(adj-na,n) zeal/enthusiasm/(P)

亦

1: armpit

Old Chinese: *[ɢ](r)Ak

Middle Chinese: yek

2: also

Old Chinese: *ɢ(r)Ak

Middle Chinese: yek

液
1503
エキ
fluid
血液
液晶
けつえき
えきしょう
(n) blood/(P)
(n) liquid crystal/(P)

跡
1504
セキ
あと
tracks
足跡
遺跡
そくせき
いせき
(n) footprints
(n) historic ruins (remains, relics)/(P)

夜
1505
ヤ
よ、よる
night
今夜
昨夜
こんや
さくや
(n-adv,n-t) this evening/tonight/(P)
(n-adv,n-t) (1) last night/(P)

番

1: martial

Old Chinese: *pˤar

Middle Chinese: pa

2: a turn, a time

Old Chinese: *pʰar

Middle Chinese: phjon

藩
1506
ハン
clan
藩士
藩主
はんし
はんしゅ
(n) feudal retainer or warrior
(n) feudal lord/daimyo/(P)

番
1507
バン
one's turn
本番
定番
ほんばん
ていばん
(n) (1) performance/take/going before an audience or on-air/(2) game/season/crucial moment/(3) actual sexual intercourse (i.e. not simulated)/(P)
(n,adj-no) standard (goods, procedure, etc.)/(one's) routine/product with consistent sales/staple (of a situation, of a fiction genre, etc.)

翻
1508
飜
ホン
ひるがえ-す、ひるがえ-る
flip
翻訳
翻弄
ほんやく
ほんろう
(n,vs) (1) translation/(2) de-encryption/deciphering/(3) rendering/(P)
(n,vs) trifle with/make sport of/make fun of/(P)

丯

TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: kreːds

喫
1509
キツ
consume
満喫
喫茶
まんきつ
きっさ
(n,vs) have enough of/fully enjoy/(P)
(n) tea drinking/tea house/(P)

契
1510
ケイ
ちぎ-る
pledge
契約
契機
けいやく
けいき
(n,vs) contract/compact/agreement/(P)
(n) opportunity/chance/(P)

潔
1511
ケツ
いさぎよ-い
undefiled
清潔
清潔感
せいけつ
せいけつかん
(adj-na,n) (1) clean/hygenic/sanitary/(2) pure/virtuous/immaculate/(P)
(n) (sense of) cleanliness/(sense of) freshness

丩

twist (v.)

Old Chinese: *k-riw (dialect: *k-r- > *kr-)

Middle Chinese: kjiw

糾
1512
キュウ（キウ）
twist
糾弾
紛糾
きゅうだん
ふんきゅう
(n,vs) blame/(P)
(n,vs) complication/confusion/disorder/(P)

叫
1513
キョウ（ケウ）
さけ-ぶ
shout
絶叫
叫喚
ぜっきょう
きょうかん
(n,vs) exclamation/scream/shout/(P)
(n,vs) shout/scream

収
1514
收
シュウ（シウ）
おさ-まる、おさ-める
take in
収集
収録
しゅうしゅう
しゅうろく
(n,vs) gathering up/collection/accumulation/(P)
(n,vs) (1) compilation/editing/(2) recording/(P)

炎

burn, blazing

Old Chinese: *[ɢ]ʷ(r)am

Middle Chinese: hjem

炎
1515
エン
ほのお
inflammation
炎上
肝炎
えんじょう
かんえん
(n,vs) (1) blazing up/(2) destruction of a large building by fire/(3) flood of comments to a blog, exceeding what the blog's owner can answer/(P)
(n) hepatitis/(P)

淡
1516
タン
あわ-い
thin
淡白
淡水
たんぱく
たんすい
(adj-na,n) candid/frank/simple/indifferent/ingenuous/light (color, colour, taste)/plain
(n) fresh water/(P)

談
1517
ダン
discuss
雑談
余談
ざつだん
よだん
(n,vs) chatting/idle talk/(P)
(n) digression/sequel (of a story)/(P)

暵

1: scorch, burn

Old Chinese: *n̥ˤarʔ

Middle Chinese: xanX

2: dry

Old Chinese: *[qʰ]ˤarʔ-s

Middle Chinese: xanH

漢
1518
漢
カン
China
漢字
漢方
かんじ
かんぽう
(n) Chinese characters/kanji/(P)
(n) traditional Chinese medicine/(P)

嘆
1519
嘆
タン
なげ-かわしい、なげ-く
sigh
感嘆
驚嘆
かんたん
きょうたん
(n,vs) admiration/wonder/(P)
(n,vs) wonder/admiration/(P)

難
1520
難
ナン
かた-い、むずか-しい
difficult
非難
避難
ひなん
ひなん
(n,vs) blame/attack/criticism/(P)
(n,vs) taking refuge/finding shelter/evacuation/escape/(P)

遂

advance (v.)

Old Chinese: *sə-lu[t]-s

Middle Chinese: zwijH

遂
1521
スイ
と-げる
consummate
未遂
遂行
みすい
すいこう
(n,n-suf) attempt (at crime)/(P)
(n,vs) accomplishment/execution/(P)

隊
1522
タイ
group
隊長
戦隊
たいちょう
せんたい
(n) commanding officer/(P)
(n) squadron

墜
1523
ツイ
crash
墜落
撃墜
ついらく
げきつい
(n,vs) falling/crashing/(P)
(n,vs) shooting down (aircraft)/(P)

秀

to flower

Old Chinese: *[s-l]u(ʔ)-s

Middle Chinese: sjuwH

秀
1524
シュウ（シウ）
ひい-でる
excel
優秀
最優秀
ゆうしゅう
さいゆうしゅう
(adj-na,n) superiority/excellence/(P)
(adj-no) best/most (valuable player)/top (quality)/grade A/ace/finest

透
1525
トウ
す-かす、す-く、す-ける
transparent
透明
透明度
とうめい
とうめいど
(adj-na,adj-no,n) transparency/cleanness/(P)
(n) transparency/degree of clearness

誘
1526
ユウ（イウ）
さそ-う
entice
誘惑
誘致
ゆうわく
ゆうち
(n,vs) temptation/allurement/lure/(P)
(n,vs) attraction/lure/invitation/(P)

免

avoid

Old Chinese: *mr[o][r]ʔ

Middle Chinese: mjenX

晩
1527
晚
バン
nightfall
昨晩
今晩
さくばん
こんばん
(n-adv,n-t) last night/(P)
(n-adv,n-t) tonight/this evening/(P)

勉
1528
勉
ベン
exertion
勉強会
勉強中
べんきょうかい
べんきょうちゅう
(n) study group/study meeting
(n) while studying

免
1529
免
メン
まぬか-れる
excuse
御免
運転免許
ごめん
うんてんめんきょ
(int,n) (uk) your pardon/declining (something)/dismissal/permission/(P)
(n) driver's license/driver's licence

允

truly

Old Chinese: *[l]u[r]ʔ

Middle Chinese: ywinX

唆
1530
サ
そそのか-す
tempt
示唆
教唆
しさ
きょうさ
(n,vs) suggestion/hint/implication/(P)
(n,vs) instigation/(P)

酸
1531
サン
す-い
acid
酸素
酸味
さんそ
さんみ
(n) oxygen/(P)
(n) sourness/acidity/(P)

俊
1532
シュン
genius
俊英
俊足
しゅんえい
しゅんそく
(n) excellence/genius/(P)
(n) (1) swift horse/fleet steed/fast runner/(2) talented person/brilliant person/(P)

酉

1: 10th earthly branch

Old Chinese: *N-ruʔ

Middle Chinese: yuwX

2: wine

Old Chinese: *N-ruʔ

Middle Chinese: yuwX

3: old

Old Chinese: *N-ruʔ

Middle Chinese: yuwX

酒
1533
シュ
さか*、さけ
alcoholic drink
飲酒
酒造
いんしゅ
しゅぞう
(n,vs) drinking alcohol (sake)/(P)
(n) sake brewing/(P)

醜
1534
シュウ（シウ）
みにく-い
ugly
醜態
醜悪
しゅうたい
しゅうあく
(n) shameful sight/disgraceful behavior/disgraceful behaviour/(P)
(adj-na,n) ugliness/meanness/offensiveness/(P)

猶
1535
ユウ（イウ）
furthermore
猶予
執行猶予
ゆうよ
しっこうゆうよ
(n,vs) postponement/deferment/extension (of time)/(P)
(n) stay of execution/suspended sentence/(P)

黑

black

Old Chinese: *m̥ˤək (dialect *m̥ˤ- > xˤ-)

Middle Chinese: xok

黒
1536
黑
コク
くろ、くろ-い
black
黒人
大黒
こくじん
だいこく
(n) black person/(P)
(n) (1) (abbr) god of wealth/(2) (arch) monk's wife

墨
1537
墨
ボク
すみ
black ink
水墨画
墨汁
すいぼくが
ぼくじゅう
(n) India-ink painting/(P)
(n) (1) India ink/China ink/(2) ink (of a cuttlefish, etc.)

黙
1538
默
モク
だま-る
silence
暗黙
黙認
あんもく
もくにん
(n,adj-no) tacit/implicit/(P)
(n,vs) connivance/tacit consent/toleration/(P)

七

seven

Old Chinese: *[tsʰ]i[t]

Middle Chinese: tshit

切
1539
サイ、セツ
き-る、き-れる
cut
一切
合切
大切
切替
いっさい
がっさい
たいせつ
せったい
(n-adv,n) all/everything/without exception/the whole/entirely/absolutely/(P)
(n) all altogether
(adj-na,n) important/valuable/worthy of care/(P)
(n) exchange/conversion/replacement/switching (to)/switchover

七
1540
シチ
なな、なな-つ、なの*
seven
七夕
七月
しちせき
しちがつ
(n) Festival of the Weaver (July 7th)/Star Festival
(n-adv) July/(P)

叱
1541
𠮟
シツ
しか-る
scold
叱責
叱正
しっせき
しっせい
(n,vs) reprimand/rebuke
(n) point out errors/correction (of errors)

不

1: not

Old Chinese: *pə

Middle Chinese: pjuw

2: 不律 writing brush (pron. in Wú 吳 ap. Shuōwén; E. Hàn)

Old Chinese: *pə

Middle Chinese: pjuw

杯
1542
ハイ
さかずき
counter for cupfuls
一杯
満杯
いっぱい
まんぱい
(adj-na,adv,n) (1) cup of .../drink/(2) full/(3) to the utmost/up to (one's income)/(a) lot of/much/(P)
(n) full/(P)

否
1543
ヒ
いな
negate
否定
賛否
ひてい
さんぴ
(n,vs) (1) negation/denial/repudiation/(2) (comp) NOT operation/(P)
(n) yes and no/for and against/(P)

不
1544
ブ、フ
non-
不器用
不気味
不安
不明
ぶきよう
ぶきみ
ふあん
ふめい
(adj-na,n) awkward/clumsy/unskillfulness/lack of ability/(P)
(adj-na,n) weird/ominous/eerie/uncanny/ghastly/(P)
(adj-na,n) anxiety/uneasiness/insecurity/suspense/(P)
(adj-na,n) unknown/obscure/indistinct/uncertain/ambiguous/ignorant/lack of wisdom/anonymous/unidentified/(P)

貴

precious; expensive

Old Chinese: *kuj-s

Middle Chinese: kjw+jH

遺
1545
ユイ、イ（ヰ）
bequeath
遺言
遺言書
遺産
世界遺産
ゆいごん
ゆいごんしょ
いさん
せかいいさん
(n,vs) will/testament/last request/(P)
(n) testament
(n) inheritance/bequest/(P)
(n) World Heritage (cultural, natural, etc.)/World Cultural and Natural Heritage (UNESCO)

潰
1546
カイ（クヮイ）
つぶ-す、つぶ-れる
crush
潰瘍
胃潰瘍
かいよう
いかいよう
(n) ulcer
(n) stomach ulcer

貴
1547
キ
たっと-い、たっと-ぶ、とうと-い、とうと-ぶ
precious
貴重
貴方
きちょう
きほう
(adj-na,n) precious/valuable/(P)
(n) (1) (hon) your home/your residence/(2) (hon) you (referring to one's equal; epistolary style)

攸

place where

Old Chinese: *liw

Middle Chinese: yuw

修
1548
シュウ（シウ）、シュ
おさ-まる、おさ-める
discipline
修正
修理
修業
修羅場
しゅうせい
しゅうり
しゅぎょう
しゅらじょう
(n,vs) amendment/correction/revision/modification/alteration/retouching/update/fix/(P)
(n,vs) repairing/mending/servicing/(P)
(n,vs) pursuit of knowledge/studying/learning/training/ascetic practice/ascetic practise/discipline/(P)
(ok) (n) (1) fighting scene/scene of carnage (bloodshed)/(2) location of the fight between Asura and Sakra devanam Indra

条
1549
條
ジョウ（デウ）
clause
条約
条例
じょうやく
じょうれい
(n) treaty/pact/(P)
(n) regulations/rules/laws/acts/ordinance/(P)

悠
1550
ユウ（イウ）
permanence
悠然
悠長
ゆうぜん
ゆうちょう
(n,adj-t,adv-to) with an air of composure/calmly
(adj-na) (1) leisurely/slow/deliberate/easygoing/(P)

敢

dare

Old Chinese: *[k]ˤamʔ

Middle Chinese: kamX

敢
1551
カン
daring
果敢
敢行
かかん
かんこう
(adj-na,n) resolute/determined/bold/(P)
(n,vs) decisive action/(P)

岩
1552
ガン
いわ
boulder
岩盤
岩盤浴
がんばん
がんばんよく
(n) bedrock/(P)
(n) stone sauna/facility where one rests on towels laid on a slab of heated natural rock

厳
1553
嚴
ゲン、ゴン
おごそ-か、きび-しい
strict
厳選
厳密
荘厳
華厳経
げんせん
げんみつ
そうごん
けごんきょう
(n,vs) careful selection
(adj-na,n) strict/close/(P)
(adj-na,n) solemnity/gravity/impressiveness/(P)
(n) Avatamska sutra

赤

red

Old Chinese: *[t-qʰ](r)Ak

Middle Chinese: tsyhek

嚇
1554
カク
menacing
威嚇
威嚇射撃
いかく
いかくしゃげき
(n) (1) menace/threat/intimidation/(vs) (2) to threaten/to intimidate/(P)
(n) warning shot

赦
1555
シャ
pardon
容赦
恩赦
ようしゃ
おんしゃ
(n,vs) (1) pardon/forgiveness/mercy/(2) leniency/going easy (on someone)/(P)
(n) amnesty/pardon/(P)

赤
1556
シャク、セキ
あか、あか-い、あか-らむ、あか-らめる
red
赤口
赤口
赤色
赤外線
しゃっく
しゃっこう
せきしょく
せきがいせん
(n) unlucky for all activities, with only the period around noon being auspicious
(n) unlucky for all activities, with only the period around noon being auspicious
(adj-na,n) red/(P)
(n) infra-red rays/(P)

石

stone

Old Chinese: *dAk

Middle Chinese: dzyek

石
1557
シャク、コク、セキ
いし
stone
石神
盤石
一石
造石税
石油
宝石
しゃくじん
ばんじゃく
いっこく
ぞうこくぜい
せきゆ
ほうせき
(n) stone which is worshipped/image of a god in stone/(P)
(n) huge rock/firmness
(n) one koku (measure)
(n) brewing tax
(n) oil/petroleum/kerosene/(P)
(n) gem/jewel/(P)

拓
1558
タク
clear (the land)
開拓
干拓
かいたく
かんたく
(n,vs) (1) reclamation (of wasteland)/cultivation/(2) pioneering/pathfinding/trail-blazing/(P)
(n,vs) land reclamation (from sea)/(P)

妬
1559
ト
ねた-む
jealousy
妬心
嫉妬
としん
しっと
(n) jealousy
(n,vs) jealousy/(P)

舄

1: slipper, shoe

Old Chinese: *s.qʰAk

Middle Chinese: sjek

2: slipper, shoe

Old Chinese: *s.qʰak (dialect: *s.qʰ> MC tsh-, *-ak > -jak)

Middle Chinese: tshjak

写
1560
寫
シャ
うつ-す、うつ-る
copy
写真
写真館
しゃしん
しゃしんかん
(n) photograph/(P)
(n) photo studio

潟
1561
セキ
かた
lagoon
潟湖
せきこ
(n) lagoon

以

take, use

Old Chinese: *ləʔ

Middle Chinese: yiX

以
1562
イ
by means of
以上
以前
いじょう
いぜん
(n-adv,n-t) (1) not less than/... and more/... and upwards/(2) beyond ... (e.g. one's means)/further (e.g. nothing further to say)/more than ... (e.g. cannot pay more than that)/(3) above-mentioned/foregoing/(4) since .../seeing that .../(5) this is all/that is the end/the end/(P)
(n-adv,n-t) ago/since/before/previous/(P)

似
1563
ジ
に-る
becoming
類似
疑似
るいじ
ぎじ
(n) (1) resemblance/similarity/analogous/quasi/(vs) (2) to resemble/to be similar/to be alike/(P)
(n,pref) suspected/pseudo/sham/quasi/false/mock/(P)

丞

assist

Old Chinese: *m-təŋ

Middle Chinese: dzying

承
1564
ショウ
うけたまわ-る
acquiesce
承認
了承
しょうにん
りょうしょう
(n,vs) recognition/acknowledgement/acknowledgment/approval/consent/agreement/(P)
(n,vs) acknowledgement/acknowledgment/understanding (e.g. "please be understanding of the mess during our renovation")/noting/(P)

蒸
1565
ジョウ
む-す、む-らす、む-れる
steam
蒸気
蒸気機関
じょうき
じょうききかん
(n) steam/vapour/vapor/(P)
(n) steam engine

卵

1: egg

Old Chinese: *k.rˤorʔ (dialect: *-r > *-j)

Middle Chinese: lwaX

2: egg

Old Chinese: *k.rˤorʔ

Middle Chinese: lwanX

関
1566
關
カン（クヮン）
かか-わる、せき
related
関係
関連
かんけい
かんれん
(n,vs) relation/connection/(P)
(n,adj-no,vs,suf) relation/connection/relevance/(P)

卵
1567
ラン
たまご
egg
産卵
卵白
さんらん
らんぱく
(n,vs) egg-laying/spawning/(P)
(n) white of an egg/albumen

見

1: see (v.)

Old Chinese: *[k]ˤen-s

Middle Chinese: kenH

2: appear

Old Chinese: *N-[k]ˤen-s

Middle Chinese: henH

3: cause to appear, introduce

Old Chinese: *m-[k]ˤen-s

Middle Chinese: henH

見
1568
ケン
み-える、み-せる、み-る
see
発見
意見
はっけん
いけん
(n,vs) discovery/detection/finding/(P)
(n,vs) opinion/view/(P)

現
1569
ゲン
あらわ-す、あらわ-れる
appear
現在
表現
げんざい
ひょうげん
(n-adv,n-t) now/current/present/present time/(P)
(n,vs) (1) expression/presentation/(2) (math) representation/notation/(P)

冬

winter

Old Chinese: *tˤuŋ

Middle Chinese: towng

終
1570
シュウ
お-える、お-わる
end
終了
最終
しゅうりょう
さいしゅう
(n,vs) end/close/termination/(P)
(n) last/final/closing/(P)

冬
1571
トウ
ふゆ
winter
冬眠
暖冬
とうみん
だんとう
(n,vs) hibernation/winter sleep/(P)
(n) mild winter/warm winter/(P)

品

kind, class

Old Chinese: *pʰr[ə]mʔ

Middle Chinese: phimX

品
1572
ヒン
しな
article
作品
用品
さくひん
ようひん
(n) work (e.g. book, film, composition, etc.)/opus/performance/production/(P)
(n) articles/supplies/parts/(P)

臨
1573
リン
のぞ-む
look to
臨時
臨場感
りんじ
りんじょうかん
(n,adj-no) temporary/special/extraordinary/(P)
(n) presence/(P)

學

study; imitate

Old Chinese: *m-kˤruk

Middle Chinese: haewk

覚
1574
覺
カク
おぼ-える、さ-ます、さ-める
memorize
感覚
覚悟
かんかく
かくご
(n,vs) sense/sensation/(P)
(n,vs) resolution/resignation/readiness/preparedness/(P)

学
1575
學
ガク
まな-ぶ
study
学校
大学
がっこう
だいがく
(n) school/(P)
(n) (1) university/(2) the Great Learning - one of the Four Books/(P)

囟

fontanel

Old Chinese: *[s]ə[r]-s

Middle Chinese: sinH

細
1576
サイ
こま-か、こま-かい、ほそ-い、ほそ-る
thin
詳細
繊細
しょうさい
せんさい
(adj-na,n) detail/particulars/(P)
(adj-na,n) delicate/dainty/fine/slim/sensitive/subtle/(P)

思
1577
シ
おも-う
think
思想
意思
しそう
いし
(n) thought/idea/ideology/(P)
(n) intention/purpose/(P)

爻

1: change; hexagram

Old Chinese: *N-kˤraw

Middle Chinese: haew

2: change; hexagram

Old Chinese: *N-kˤraw

Middle Chinese: haew

較
1578
カク
contrast
比較
比較的
ひかく
ひかくてき
(n,vs) comparison/(P)
(adj-na,adv) comparative/relative/(P)

教
1579
キョウ（ケウ）
おし-える、おそ-わる
teach
教室
教師
きょうしつ
きょうし
(n) classroom/(P)
(n) teacher (classroom)/(P)

段

hammer

Old Chinese: *tˤo[n]-s

Middle Chinese: twanH

鍛
1580
タン
きた-える
forge
鍛錬
鍛冶
たんれん
たんや
(n,vs) tempering/forging/hardening/disciplining/training/(P)
(n,vs) metallurgy

段
1581
ダン
steps
普段
手段
ふだん
しゅだん
(adj-no) usual/habitual/ordinary/everyday/always/(P)
(n) means/way/measure/(P)

來

1: a kind of wheat

Old Chinese: *mə.rˤək (> *mə.rˤə)

Middle Chinese: loj

2: come

Old Chinese: *mə.rˤək (> *rˤə)

Middle Chinese: loj

麦
1582
麥
バク
むぎ
wheat
麦酒
麦芽
ばくしゅ
ばくが
(n) (uk) beer
(n) malt/(P)

来
1583
來
ライ
きた-す、きた-る、く-る
come
来年
以来
らいねん
いらい
(n-adv,n-t) next year/(P)
(n-adv,n-t) since/henceforth/(P)

追

pursue

Old Chinese: *truj

Middle Chinese: trwij

帰
1584
歸
キ
かえ-す、かえ-る
return
帰宅
復帰
きたく
ふっき
(n,vs) returning home/(P)
(n,vs) (1) return/comeback/reinstatement/(2) carriage return/CR/(P)

追
1585
ツイ
お-う
follow
追記
追求
ついき
ついきゅう
(n,vs) PS/postscript
(n) (1) pursuing (goal)/pursuit/seeking/search/(vs) (2) to pursue (e.g. goal)/to seek/(P)

夅

submit

Old Chinese: *m-kˤru[ŋ] (? < *-[u]m)

Middle Chinese: haewng

降
1586
コウ（カウ）
お-りる、お-ろす、ふ-る
descend
以降
降臨
いこう
こうりん
(n-adv,n-t) on and after/as from/hereafter/thereafter/(P)
(n,vs) advent/descent

隆
1587
隆
リュウ
hump
隆盛
隆起
りゅうせい
りゅうき
(adj-na,n) prosperity/(P)
(n,vs) protuberance/projection/rising/(P)

亘

1: turn around, turn back

Old Chinese: *[ɢ]ʷˤar

Middle Chinese: hwan

2: turn around

Old Chinese: *s-[q]ʷar

Middle Chinese: sjwen

3: 阿會亘 ēhuìxuān: Skt. ābhāsvara ‘shining’ (E. Hàn)

Old Chinese: *swar (< *s-[q]ʷar)

Middle Chinese: sjwen

垣
1588
エン（ヱン）
かき
hedge
紫微垣
しびえん
(n) Purple Forbidden Enclosure (group of constellations in the northern sky associated with the emperor)

宣
1589
セン
proclaim
宣言
宣伝
せんげん
せんでん
(n,vs) declaration/proclamation/announcement/(P)
(n,vs) propaganda/publicity/advertisement/advertising/(P)

前

before

Old Chinese: *[dz]ˤen (~ *m-dzˤen)

Middle Chinese: dzen

煎
1590
セン
い-る
broil
煎餅
煎茶
せんべい
せんちゃ
(n) rice cookie/Japanese cracker/wafer/(P)
(n) green tea/tea leaves

前
1591
ゼン
まえ
in front
午前中
前日
ごぜんちゅう
ぜんじつ
(n) this morning/in the morning/throughout the morning
(n-adv,n-t) previous day/the day before/(P)

能

1: a kind of bear

Old Chinese: *nˤə

Middle Chinese: noj

2: a kind of bear

Old Chinese: *nˤə(ŋ)

Middle Chinese: nong

3: able; ability

Old Chinese: *nˤə(ʔ) (~ *nˤəŋ)

Middle Chinese: nong

態
1592
タイ
condition
事態
態度
じたい
たいど
(n) situation/(present) state of affairs/circumstances/(P)
(n) attitude/manner/behaviour/(P)

能
1593
ノウ
ability
能力
芸能人
のうりょく
げいのうじん
(n) ability/faculty/(P)
(n) performer/(P)

疹

fever

Old Chinese: *tʰrə[n]-s

Middle Chinese: trhinH

診
1594
シン
み-る
checkup
診断
診察
しんだん
しんさつ
(n,vs) diagnosis/(P)
(n,vs) medical examination/(P)

珍
1595
チン
めずら-しい
rare
珍道中
珍味
ちんどうちゅう
ちんみ
(n) incident-filled journey
(n) delicacy/(P)

異

different

Old Chinese: *ɢ(r)ək-s

Middle Chinese: yiH

異
1596
イ
こと
uncommon
異常
異様
いじょう
いよう
(adj-na,n) strangeness/abnormality/disorder/(P)
(adj-na,n) bizarre/strange/eccentric/odd/queer/(P)

翼
1597
ヨク
つばさ
wing
一翼
尾翼
いちよく
びよく
(n) (a) part/(P)
(n) tail/tail plane

矢

arrow

Old Chinese: *l̥i[j]ʔ

Middle Chinese: syijX

矢
1598
シ
や
arrow
一矢
弓矢
いっし
きゅうし
(n-adv,n) an arrow/(a) retort
(n) bow and arrow

知
1599
チ
し-る
know
ご存知
知人
ごぞんじ
ちじん
(ateji) (n) (1) (hon) knowing/(2) (an) acquaintance
(n) friend/acquaintance/(P)

罙

深
1600
シン
ふか-い、ふか-まる、ふか-める
deep
深夜
深層
しんや
しんそう
(n-adv,n-t) late at night/(P)
(n) depths/deep level/(P)

探
1601
タン
さが-す、さぐ-る
grope
探偵
探検
たんてい
たんけん
(n,vs) detective/sleuth/investigator/(P)
(n,vs) exploration/expedition/(P)

派

TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: m̥ʰreːɡs

派
1602
ハ
sect
立派
会派
りっぱ
かいは
(adj-na,n) splendid/fine/handsome/elegant/imposing/prominent/legal/legitimate/(P)
(n) faction/denomination/communion

脈
1603
ミャク
vein
人脈
脈絡
じんみゃく
みゃくらく
(n) personal connections/(P)
(n) chain of reasoning/logical connection/coherence/context/(P)

山

mountain, hill

Old Chinese: *s-ŋrar

Middle Chinese: srean

山
1604
サン
やま
mountain
富士山
青山
ふじさん
せいざん
(n) Mt Fuji/(P)
(n) (1) blue or green mountain/(2) grave/burial place/(P)

仙
1605
セン
hermit
仙台
仙人
せんだい
せんにん
(n) Sendai (city)
(n) (1) immortal mountain wizard (in Taoism)/mountain man (esp. a hermit)/(2) one not bound by earthly desires or the thoughts of normal men/(P)

彦

TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: ŋrans

顔
1606
ガン
かお
face
顔面
顔色
がんめん
がんしょく
(n) face (of person)/(P)
(n) complexion/countenance/expression

産
1607
サン
う-まれる、う-む、うぶ
give birth
不動産
産業
ふどうさん
さんぎょう
(n) real estate/(P)
(n) industry/(P)

爲

1: TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: ɢʷal

2: TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: ɢʷal

3: TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: ɢʷals

為
1608
爲
イ（ヰ）
do
行為
所為
こうい
しょい
(n) act/deed/conduct/(P)
(n) (obsc) act/deed/one's doing

偽
1609
僞
ギ
いつわ-る、にせ
falsehood
偽装
偽造
ぎそう
ぎぞう
(n,vs) disguise/camouflage/masquerade/(P)
(n,vs) forgery/falsification/fabrication/counterfeiting/(P)

保

protect

Old Chinese: *pˤuʔ

Middle Chinese: pawX

保
1610
ホ
たも-つ
preserve
保存
確保
ほぞん
かくほ
(n,vs) preservation/conservation/storage/saving (e.g., to disk)/maintenance/(P)
(n,vs) guarantee/maintain/ensure/insure/secure/reservation/(P)

褒
1611
襃
ホウ
ほ-める
praise
褒美
ご褒美
ほうび
ごほうび
(n) reward/prize/(P)
(n) reward/prize

獄

lawsuit; prison

Old Chinese: *[ŋ]rok

Middle Chinese: ngjowk

岳
1612
嶽
ガク
たけ
point
山岳
岳人
さんがく
がくじん
(n) mountains/(P)
(n) alpinist/mountaineer

獄
1613
ゴク
prison
地獄
監獄
じごく
かんごく
(n) hell/(P)
(n) prison/(P)

屋

house; roof

Old Chinese: *qˤok (or *ʔˤok ?)

Middle Chinese: 'uwk

握
1614
アク
にぎ-る
grip
把握
握手
はあく
あくしゅ
(n,vs) grasp/catch/understanding/(P)
(n,vs) handshake/(P)

屋
1615
オク（ヲク）
や
roof
本屋
屋上
ほんおく
おくじょう
(n) principal residence
(n) rooftop/(P)

卓

high; splendid

Old Chinese: *tˤrawk

Middle Chinese: traewk

卓
1616
タク
eminent
食卓
卓球
しょくたく
たっきゅう
(n) dining table/(P)
(n) table tennis/ping-pong/(P)

悼
1617
トウ（タウ）
いた-む
lament
追悼
哀悼
ついとう
あいとう
(n,vs) mourning/memorial/(P)
(n,vs) condolence/regret/sorrow/sympathy/lament/(P)

隶

reach to

Old Chinese: *m-rˤəp-s

Middle Chinese: dojH

逮
1618
タイ
apprehend
逮捕
逮捕者
たいほ
たいほしゃ
(n,vs) arrest/apprehension/capture/(P)
(n) arrestee/person arrested

隷
1619
レイ
slave
隷属
奴隷解放
れいぞく
どれいかいほう
(n,vs) subordination
(n) emancipation of slaves

垚

TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: ŋeːw

暁
1620
曉
ギョウ（ゲウ）
あかつき
daybreak
暁天
暁光
ぎょうてん
ぎょうこう
(n) dawn
(n) the light of dawn

焼
1621
燒
ショウ（セウ）
や-く、や-ける
bake
焼酎
燃焼
しょうちゅう
ねんしょう
(n) shochu (Japanese liquor similar to vodka)/(P)
(n,vs) burning/combustion/(P)

延

extend

Old Chinese: *la[n]

Middle Chinese: yen

延
1622
エン
の-ばす、の-びる、の-べる
prolong
延長
延期
えんちょう
えんき
(n,vs) (1) extension/elongation/prolongation/lengthening/(n) (2) Enchou era (923.4.11-931.4.26)/(P)
(n,vs) postponement/adjournment/(P)

誕
1623
タン
nativity
生誕
誕生会
せいたん
たんじょうかい
(n,vs) birth/nativity/(P)
(n) birthday party

鬼

ghost

Old Chinese: *k-ʔujʔ

Middle Chinese: kjw+jX

塊
1624
カイ（クヮイ）
かたまり
clod
団塊
団塊世代
だんかい
だんかいせだい
(n) mass/lump/(P)
(n) the babyboomers/the baby boom generation

鬼
1625
キ
おに
ghost
鬼門
鬼畜
きもん
きちく
(n) the northeastern (unlucky) direction/person or thing to be avoided
(n) brute

鳥

bird

Old Chinese: *tˤiwʔ

Middle Chinese: tewX

鳥
1626
チョウ（テウ）
とり
bird
野鳥
白鳥
やちょう
はくちょう
(n) wild bird/(P)
(n) (1) swan (Cygnus Bechstein, Cygnus ssp.)/(2) white-feathered bird/(P)

島
1627
トウ（タウ）
しま
island
半島
列島
はんとう
れっとう
(n) peninsula/(P)
(n) archipelago/chain of islands/(P)

坴

TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: m·ruɡ

睦
1628
ボク
harmonious
親睦
親睦会
しんぼく
しんぼくかい
(n,vs) friendship/reunion/(P)
(n) informal social gathering

陸
1629
リク
land
陸上
上陸
りくじょう
じょうりく
(n) land/ground/shore/(P)
(n,vs) landing/disembarkation/(P)

妻

1: consort, wife

Old Chinese: *[tsʰ]ˤəj

Middle Chinese: tshej

2: give as wife

Old Chinese: *[tsʰ]ˤəj-s

Middle Chinese: tshejH

妻
1630
サイ
つま
wife
夫妻
愛妻
ふさい
あいさい
(n) man and wife/married couple/(P)
(n) beloved wife

凄
1631
セイ
uncanny
凄惨
凄絶
せいさん
せいぜつ
(adj-na,n) ghostliness/gruesomeness
(adj-na,n) extremely/violently

北

north

Old Chinese: *pˤək

Middle Chinese: pok

背
1632
ハイ
せ、せい、そむ-く、そむ-ける
back
背後
背筋
はいご
はいきん
(n) back/rear/(P)
(n) (1) the muscles along the spine/dorsal muscles/(2) spinal column/(3) seam in the back/back seam

北
1633
ホク
きた
north
北陸
北部
ほくりく
ほくぶ
(n) region west of Tokyo on Japan Sea side of Japan/(P)
(n) north/northern part/(P)

寸

thumb; inch

Old Chinese: *[tsʰ]ˤu[n]-s

Middle Chinese: tshwonH

寸
1634
スン
measurement
寸前
一寸
すんぜん
いっすん
(n) on the verge/just in front of/(P)
(n) (1) one sun (approx. 3.03 cm)/(2) a little bit (of time, distance, etc.)

村
1635
ソン
むら
village
市町村
農村
しちょうそん
のうそん
(n) cities, towns and villages/municipalities/(P)
(n) agricultural community/farm village/rural/(P)

甘

sweet

Old Chinese: *[k]ˤ[a]m

Middle Chinese: kam

甘
1636
カン
あま-い、あま-える、あま-やかす
sweet
甘味
甘美
かんみ
かんび
(n) sweetness/sugary taste
(adj-na,n) sweet/(P)

紺
1637
コン
dark blue
濃紺
紫紺
のうこん
しこん
(n) dark blue/(P)
(n) bluish purple

壽

1: longevity

Old Chinese: *[N-t]uʔ

Middle Chinese: dzyuwX

2: longevity

Old Chinese: *[N-t]uʔ-s

Middle Chinese: dzyuwH

寿
1638
壽
ジュ
ことぶき
longevity
寿命
長寿
じゅみょう
ちょうじゅ
(n) life span/(P)
(n) longevity/(P)

鋳
1639
鑄
チュウ（チウ）
い-る
casting
鋳造
鋳鉄
ちゅうぞう
ちゅうてつ
(n,vs) casting/founding/minting/(P)
(n) cast iron

呂

spine; pitch-pipe

Old Chinese: *[r]aʔ

Middle Chinese: ljoX

侶
1640
リョ
companion
侶伴
同侶
りょはん
どうりょ
(n) companion
(n) companion

呂
1641
ロ
spine
露天風呂
麻呂
ろてんぶろ
まろ
(n) open air bath/rotemburo
(n) (1) (arch) I/(2) (person having) thin or shaved eyebrows/(suf) (3) affectionate suffix for names of young men or pets

蟲

insect

Old Chinese: *C.lruŋ

Middle Chinese: drjuwng

虫
1642
蟲
チュウ
むし
insect
幼虫
害虫
ようちゅう
がいちゅう
(n) larva/chrysalis/(P)
(n) harmful insect/noxious insect/(P)

融
1643
ユウ
dissolve
融合
融資
ゆうごう
ゆうし
(n,vs) agglutination/adhesion/fusion/unite/(P)
(n,vs) financing/loan/(P)

犮

TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: boːd

髪
1644
髮
ハツ
かみ
hair of the head
白髪
金髪
はくはつ
きんぱつ
(n) white or grey hair (gray)/trendy hair bleaching/(P)
(n) blond hair/(P)

抜
1645
拔
バツ
ぬ-かす、ぬ-かる、ぬ-く、ぬ-ける
slip out
選抜
奇抜
せんばつ
きばつ
(n,vs) selection/choice/picking out/(P)
(adj-na,n) novel/original/striking/strange/eccentric/fantastic/(P)

争

TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: ʔsreːŋ

浄
1646
淨
ジョウ（ジャウ）
clean
浄化
洗浄
じょうか
せんじょう
(n,vs) purification/cleanup/(P)
(n,vs) washing/cleaning/laundering/(P)

争
1647
爭
ソウ（サウ）
あらそ-う
conflict
紛争
闘争
ふんそう
とうそう
(n,vs) dispute/trouble/strife/(P)
(n,vs) strife/conflict/(P)

隱

1: grieved; suffering

Old Chinese: *[ʔ](r)ə[n]ʔ

Middle Chinese: 'j+nX

2: conceal

Old Chinese: *[ʔ](r)ə[n]ʔ

Middle Chinese: 'j+nX

3: lean on

Old Chinese: *ʔ(r)ə[r]ʔ-s

Middle Chinese: 'j+nH

隠
1648
隱
イン
かく-す、かく-れる
conceal
隠居
隠滅
いんきょ
いんめつ
(n,vs) (1) retirement/(2) retired person/(P)
(n,vs) destruction/suppression/(P)

穏
1649
穩
オン（ヲン）
おだ-やか
calm
平穏
不穏
へいおん
ふおん
(adj-na,n) tranquil/calm/restful/peaceful/quiet/(P)
(adj-na,n) unrest/turbulence/impropriety/(P)

尊

1: honor (v.)

Old Chinese: *[ts]ˤu[n]

Middle Chinese: tswon

2: wine-cup

Old Chinese: *[ts]ˤu[n]

Middle Chinese: tswon

遵
1650
ジュン
abide by
遵守
遵法
じゅんしゅ
じゅんぽう
(n,vs) compliance/adherence (to a set of rules)/(religious) observance
(adj-na,n) law-abiding

尊
1651
ソン
たっと-い、たっと-ぶ、とうと-い、とうと-ぶ
revered
尊重
尊厳
そんちょう
そんげん
(n,vs) respect/esteem/regard/(P)
(adj-na,n) dignity/majesty/sanctity/(P)

乙

2nd heavenly stem

Old Chinese: *qrət

Middle Chinese: 'it

乙
1652
オツ
the latter
甲乙
乙種
こうおつ
おつしゅ
(n) (1) A and B/excellent and good/similarity/(2) discrimination/discernment/distinction/(3) first and second parties (in legal contexts)/(P)
(n) second grade

札
1653
サツ
ふだ
tag
改札
落札
かいさつ
らくさつ
(n,vs) examination of tickets/(P)
(n,vs) having one's bid accepted (e.g. for contract)/(P)

弱

weak

Old Chinese: *newk

Middle Chinese: nyak

弱
1654
ジャク
よわ-い、よわ-まる、よわ-める、よわ-る
weak
弱点
弱者
じゃくてん
じゃくしゃ
(n) weak point/weakness/(P)
(n) weak person/the weak/(P)

溺
1655
デキ
おぼ-れる
drown
溺愛
溺死
できあい
できし
(n,vs) doting
(n,vs) death by drowning

兓

TODO: gloss

Old Chinese: sl'ɯm

蚕
1656
蠶
サン
かいこ
silkworm
養蚕
蚕室
ようさん
さんしつ
(n) sericulture/silkworm culture/(P)
(n) silkworm-raising room

潜
1657
潛
セン
ひそ-む、もぐ-る
submerge
潜在
潜入
せんざい
せんにゅう
(n,vs) potentiality/dormancy/latency/(P)
(n,vs) infiltration/sneaking in/(P)

陳

1: arrange

Old Chinese: *lri[n]

Middle Chinese: drin

2: battle array

Old Chinese: *lri[n]-s

Middle Chinese: drinH

陣
1658
ジン（ヂン）
camp
出陣
投手陣
しゅつじん
とうしゅじん
(n,vs) departure for the front/(P)
(n) pitching staff

陳
1659
チン
exhibit
陳列
新陳代謝
ちんれつ
しんちんたいしゃ
(n,vs) exhibition/display/show/(P)
(n,vs) renewal/replacement/metabolism/(P)

殻

殻
1660
殼
カク
から
husk
地殻
甲殻類
ちかく
こうかくるい
(n) earth's crust/(P)
(n) crustacean

穀
1661
穀
コク
cereals
穀物
雑穀
こくもつ
ざっこく
(n) grain/cereal/corn/(P)
(n) assorted grains

云

say

Old Chinese: *[ɢ]ʷə[r]

Middle Chinese: hjun

雲
1662
ウン
くも
cloud
風雲
彩雲
ふううん
さいうん
(n) winds and clouds/elements/situation/state of affairs/(P)
(n) glowing clouds

魂
1663
コン
たましい
soul
入魂
闘魂
にゅうこん
とうこん
(adj-na,n) (1) intimacy/(2) putting one's heart and soul into
(n) fighting spirit

臭

1: odor, to stink (intransitive)?

Old Chinese: *t-qʰu(ʔ)-s

Middle Chinese: tsyhuwH

2: odor, to stink (intransitive)?

Old Chinese: *qʰu(ʔ)-s

Middle Chinese: xjuwH

嗅
1664
キュウ（キウ）
か-ぐ
smell
嗅覚
嗅神経
きゅうかく
きゅうしんけい
(n) the sense of smell
(n) olfactory nerve

臭
1665
臭
シュウ（シウ）
くさ-い、にお-う
stinking
消臭
口臭
しょうしゅう
こうしゅう
(n) deodorization
(n) bad breath/halitosis

戾

transgress

Old Chinese: *[r]ˤe[t]-s

Middle Chinese: lejH

涙
1666
淚
ルイ
なみだ
tears
感涙
催涙
かんるい
さいるい
(n) tears of gratitude/(P)
(n) lachrymal/(P)

戻
1667
戾
レイ
もど-す、もど-る
re-
返戻
返戻金
へんれい
へんれいきん
(n,vs) returning/giving back
(n) (1) terminal bonus/lump sum when policy matures/(2) payout on cancellation of contract

尼

1: to stop

Old Chinese: *nˤərʔ

Middle Chinese: nejX

2: to stop, obstruct

Old Chinese: *nˤərʔ-s

Middle Chinese: nejH

3: near, close

Old Chinese: *nr[əj]

Middle Chinese: nrij

泥
1668
デイ
どろ
mud
雲泥の差
泥水
うんでいのさ
でいすい
(exp) wide difference/a world of difference/(P)
(n) (1) muddy water/(2) red-light district

尼
1669
ニ
あま
nun
尼僧
僧尼
にそう
そうに
(n) priestess/(P)
(n) monks and nuns

集

gather, collect

Old Chinese: *[dz][u]p

Middle Chinese: dzip

雑
1670
雜
ゾウ（ザフ）、ザツ
miscellaneous
雑炊
雑木林
雑記
雑誌
ぞうすい
ぞうぼくりん
ざっき
ざっし
(n) rice gruel containing vegetables, fish, etc., and seasoned with miso or soy sauce/(P)
(n) grove of mixed trees/copse
(n) miscellaneous notes
(n) journal/magazine/periodical/(P)

集
1671
シュウ（シフ）
あつ-まる、あつ-める、つど-う
collect
編集
募集
へんしゅう
ぼしゅう
(n,vs) editing/compilation/editorial (e.g. committee)/(P)
(n,vs) recruiting/taking applications/(P)

子

1: 1st earthly branch

Old Chinese: *[ts]əʔ

Middle Chinese: tsiX

2: child; gentleman, master

Old Chinese: *tsəʔ

Middle Chinese: tsiX

子
1672
ス、シ
こ
child
様子
金子
女子
調子
ようす
きんす
じょし
ちょうし
(n) aspect/state/appearance/(P)
(n) money/funds/(P)
(n) woman/girl/(P)
(n) tune/tone/key/pitch/time/rhythm/vein/mood/way/manner/style/knack/condition/state of health/strain/impetus/spur of the moment/trend/(P)

字
1673
ジ
あざ
letter
文字
数字
もんじ
すうじ
(ok) (n) (1) letter (of alphabet)/character/(adj-no) (2) literal/(P)
(n) (math) numeral/figure/digit/numeric character/(P)

世

generation

Old Chinese: *l̥ap-s

Middle Chinese: syejH

世
1674
セイ、セ
よ
world
前世
中世
お世話
世代
ぜんせい
ちゅうせい
おせわ
せだい
(n) antiquity/the previous era
(n-adv,n-t) Middle Ages/mediaeval times/(P)
(n) help/aid/assistance
(n) generation/the world/the age/(P)

葉
1675
ヨウ（エフ）
は
leaf
観葉植物
落葉
かんようしょくぶつ
らくよう
(n) decorative plant
(n,vs) fallen leaves/leaf litter/defoliation/shedding leaves

本

tree trunk

Old Chinese: *C.pˤə[n]ʔ

Middle Chinese: pwonX

鉢
1676
ハツ、ハチ
bowl
衣鉢
金魚鉢
すり鉢
いはつ
きんぎょばち
すりばち
(n) mysteries of one's master's art
(n) goldfish bowl
(n) (earthenware) mortar (for grinding)

本
1677
ホン
もと
book
日本人
本来
にっぽんじん
ほんらい
(n) Japanese person/Japanese people
(n-adv,n-t,adj-no) essentially/naturally/by nature/in (and of) itself/originally/(P)

車

1: chariot

Old Chinese: *[t.qʰ](r)A

Middle Chinese: tsyhae

2: chariot

Old Chinese: *C.q(r)a

Middle Chinese: kjo

庫
1678
コ、ク
warehouse
兵庫県
文庫
庫裏
ひょうごけん
ぶんこ
くり
(n) Hyogo prefecture (Kinki area) (Hyougo)
(n) (1) library/book collection/(2) paperback book/(P)
(n) monastery kitchen/priests' quarters

車
1679
シャ
くるま
car
電車
自転車
でんしゃ
じてんしゃ
(n) (electric) train/(P)
(n) bicycle/(P)

樂

1: to cure

Old Chinese: *[r]ˤawk

Middle Chinese: lak

2: joy; enjoy

Old Chinese: *[r]ˤawk

Middle Chinese: lak

3: cause to rejoice

Old Chinese: *[ŋ]ˤrawk-s

Middle Chinese: ngaewH

4: music

Old Chinese: *[ŋ]ˤrawk

Middle Chinese: ngaewk

楽
1680
樂
ラク、ガク
たの-しい、たの-しむ
pleasure
気楽
楽天
楽器
映画音楽
きらく
らくてん
がっき
えいがおんがく
(adj-na,n) at ease/comfortable/(P)
(n) optimism
(n) musical instrument/(P)
(n) film music

薬
1681
藥
ヤク
くすり
medicine
農薬
薬局
のうやく
やっきょく
(n) agricultural chemical (i.e. pesticide, herbicide, fungicide, etc.)/agrochemical/agrichemical/(P)
(n) pharmacy/chemist (shop)/drugstore/(P)

婁

drag, trail (v.)

Old Chinese: *[r]o

Middle Chinese: lju

数
1682
數
スウ、ス
かず、かぞ-える
number
数年
多数
少人数
数独
すうねん
たすう
しょうにんず
すどく
(n) several years
(n-adv,n) (1) great number/(adj-no) (2) countless/majority/(P)
(n,adj-no) small number of people
(ik) (n) Sudoku (number puzzle in which digits may only occur once per block)

楼
1683
樓
ロウ
watchtower
楼門
楼閣
ろうもん
ろうかく
(n) two-storied gate/tower gate
(n) multistoried building/(P)

禾

growing grain

Old Chinese: *[ɢ]ˤoj

Middle Chinese: hwa

和
1684
ワ、オ（ヲ）
なご-む、なご-やか、やわ-らぐ、やわ-らげる
peace
英和
和英
和尚
えいわ
わえい
おしょう
(n) English-Japanese (e.g. dictionary)/(P)
(n) Japanese-English/(P)
(n) (1) (hon) preceptor or high priest (esp. in Zen or Pure Land Buddhism)/(2) second highest priestly rank in Buddhism/(3) monk (esp. the head monk of a temple)/(4) master (of one's art, trade, etc.)/(P)

科
1685
カ（クヮ）
section
科学
教科書
かがく
きょうかしょ
(n) science/(P)
(n) textbook/text book/(P)

亞

secondary

Old Chinese: *ʔˤrak-s

Middle Chinese: 'aeH

亜
1686
亞
ア
sub-
大東亜戦争
亜熱帯
だいとうあせんそう
あねったい
(n) (sens) The Greater East Asian War/The Pacific War (1941-1945)
(n) subtropics/(P)

悪
1687
惡
アク、オ（ヲ）
わる-い
bad
最悪
悪魔
悪感
嫌悪
さいあく
あくま
おかん
けんお
(adj-na,n) the worst/(P)
(n) devil/demon/fiend/Satan/evil spirit/(P)
(n) ill or unhappy feeling/feeling feverish and chilly
(n,vs) disgust/hate/repugnance/(P)

聿

1: following, thereupon

Old Chinese: *[N.]rut

Middle Chinese: ywit

2: writing stylus or brush (pron. in Chǔ 楚 ap. Shuōwén; E. Hàn)

Old Chinese: *[m-]rut

Middle Chinese: ywit

筆
1688
ヒツ
ふで
writing brush
筆者
筆頭
ひっしゃ
ひっとう
(n) writer (often in self-reference)/author/(P)
(n) brush tip/first on a list/(P)

律
1689
リチ、リツ
law
律儀
律義
法律
自律
りちぎ
りちぎ
ほうりつ
じりつ
(adj-na,n) honesty/faithfulness/conscientiousness/integrity
(adj-na,n) honesty/faithfulness/conscientiousness/integrity
(n) law/(P)
(n) autonomy/(P)

即

1: go to

Old Chinese: *[ts]ik

Middle Chinese: tsik

2: thereupon

Old Chinese: *[ts]ik

Middle Chinese: tsik

節
1690
節
セチ、セツ
ふし
node
節分
お節
節約
関節
せちぶん
おせち
せつやく
かんせつ
(n) holiday for end of winter (Bean Throwing Night)
(n) food served during the New Year's Holidays
(n,vs) economising/saving/(P)
(n) joints (knee joint, elbow joint, etc.)/(P)

即
1691
卽
ソク
instant
即席
即日
そくせき
そくじつ
(n) instant/(P)
(n-adv,n-t) same day/(P)

惠

kind, good

Old Chinese: *[ɢ]ʷˤi[j]-s

Middle Chinese: hwejH

恵
1692
惠
エ（ヱ）、ケイ
めぐ-む
favor
知恵
恵方
互恵
慈恵
ちえ
えほう
ごけい
じけい
(n) (1) wisdom/wit/sagacity/sense/intelligence/(2) (Buddh) prajna (insight leading to enlightenmen)/(P)
(n) favourable or lucky direction (favorable)
(n) reciprocity/mutual benefit
(n) mercy and love

穂
1693
穗
スイ
ほ
ear
出穂
穂状
しゅっすい
すいじょう
(n) appearance of ears of grain
(n,adj-no) shaped like an ear of grain

執

seize

Old Chinese: *[t]ip

Middle Chinese: tsyip

摯
1694
シ
seriousness
真摯
しんし
(adj-na,n) sincerity/earnestness/(P)

執
1695
シツ、シュウ（シフ）
と-る
tenacious
執筆
執行
執念
執着
しっぴつ
しっこう
しゅうねん
しゅうじゃく
(n,vs) writing (e.g. as a profession)/(P)
(n,vs) enforcement/performance/(P)
(n) tenacity/implacability/(P)
(n,vs) attachment/adhesion/tenacity/(P)

祝

1: to curse

Old Chinese: *[t]uk-s

Middle Chinese: tsyuwH

2: pray, recite

Old Chinese: *[t]uk

Middle Chinese: tsyuwk

3: cut off, break

Old Chinese: *tuk

Middle Chinese: tsyuwk

祝
1696
祝
シュウ（シウ）、シュク
いわ-う
celebrate
祝儀
祝言
祝日
祝福
しゅうぎ
しゅうげん
しゅくじつ
しゅくふく
(n) congratulations/celebration/congratulatory gift/tip/(P)
(n) wedding celebration
(n) national holiday/(P)
(n,vs) blessing/(P)

呪
1697
ジュ
のろ-う
curse
呪文
呪縛
じゅもん
じゅばく
(n) spell/charm/incantation/magic word
(n,vs) curse/spell

卬

1: high; lift high

Old Chinese: *[k.ŋ]ˤaŋ

Middle Chinese: ngang

2: I, me

Old Chinese: *ŋˤaŋ

Middle Chinese: ngang

仰
1698
ギョウ（ギャウ）、コウ（カウ）
あお-ぐ、おお-せ
face-up
仰天
仰角
信仰
信仰心
ぎょうてん
ぎょうかく
しんこう
しんこうしん
(n,vs) being amazed/being horrified/being taken aback/(P)
(n) angle of elevation
(n,vs) (religious) faith/belief/creed/(P)
(n) (religious) piety

迎
1699
ゲイ
むか-える
welcome
送迎
歓迎会
そうげい
かんげいかい
(n,vs) seeing off and meeting on return/(P)
(n) welcome party

易

1: easy

Old Chinese: *lek-s

Middle Chinese: yeH

2: change; exchange

Old Chinese: *lek

Middle Chinese: yek

易
1700
エキ、イ
やさ-しい
easy
貿易
交易
容易
簡易
ぼうえき
こうえき
ようい
かんい
(n,vs) trade (foreign)/(P)
(n,vs) trade/commerce/(P)
(adj-na,n) easy/simple/plain/(P)
(adj-na,n) simplicity/convenience/easiness/quasi-/(P)

賜
1701
シ
たまわ-る
grant
恩賜
下賜
おんし
かし
(n) Imperial gift/(P)
(n,vs) grant/bestowal/giving something to someone of low social standing (by a person of very high social standing)

武

military

Old Chinese: *m(r)aʔ

Middle Chinese: mjuX

賦
1702
フ
levy
天賦
割賦
てんぷ
かっぷ
(n) natural talent/natural gift/endowment
(n) allotment/quota/payment in installments/payment in instalments/hire-purchase

武
1703
ブ、ム
military
武士
武装
武者
武者修行
ぶし
ぶそう
むしゃ
むしゃしゅぎょう
(n) warrior/samurai/(P)
(n,vs) arms/armament/armed/(P)
(n) warrior/(P)
(n,vs) traveling about to gain skill in combat (travelling)

皿

vessel, bowl

Old Chinese: *mraŋʔ

Middle Chinese: mjaengX

皿
1704
ミョウ、バイ
さら
dish

猛
1705
モウ（マウ）
fierce
猛烈
猛進
もうれつ
もうしん
(adj-na,n) violent/vehement/rage/(P)
(n,vs) rushing madly ahead

若

1: you

Old Chinese: *nak

Middle Chinese: nyak

2: agree

Old Chinese: *nak

Middle Chinese: nyak

若
1706
ニャク、ジャク
も-しくは、わか-い
young
老若
老若男女
若年
傍若無人
ろうにゃく
ろうにゃくなんにょ
じゃくねん
ぼうじゃくぶじん
(n,adj-na) young and old/all ages/(P)
(n) men and women of all ages
(n) youth/(P)
(adj-na,n,adj-no) arrogance/audacity/(behaving) outrageously as though there were no one around/insolence/defiance/overbearing

諾
1707
ダク
consent
承諾
許諾
しょうだく
きょだく
(n,vs) consent/acquiescence/agreement/(P)
(n,vs) consent/(P)

豊

ritual vessel

Old Chinese: *[r]ˤijʔ

Middle Chinese: lejX

体
1708
體
テイ、タイ
からだ
body
人体
人体
全体
体調
じんてい
にんてい
ぜんたい
たいちょう
(n) personal appearance/looks
(n) personal appearance/looks
(n-adv,n-t) whole/entirety/whatever (is the matter)/(P)
(n) physical condition/(P)

礼
1709
禮
ライ、レイ
thanks
礼拝
礼賛
お礼
洗礼
らいはい
らいさん
おれい
せんれい
(n,vs) (1) worship (esp. Buddhist and Shinto)
(n,vs) praise/worship/adoration/glorification
(n) thanking/expression of gratitude/(P)
(n) baptism/(P)

儥

sell

Old Chinese: *[l][iw]k

Middle Chinese: yuwk

続
1710
續
ゾク
つづ-く、つづ-ける
continue
連続
続編
れんぞく
ぞくへん
(n,vs) serial/consecutive/continuity/occurring in succession/continuing/(P)
(n) continuation/sequel/(P)

読
1711
讀
トウ、ドク、トク
よ-む
read
句読点
読点
読者
必読
読本
副読本
くとうてん
とうてん
どくしゃ
ひつどく
とくほん
ふくとくほん
(n) (ling) punctuation mark(s)/(P)
(n) (ling) comma
(n) reader/(P)
(n) should be read by all/(P)
(n) reading-book/(P)
(n) supplementary reader

步

step

Old Chinese: *mə-bˤa-s

Middle Chinese: buH

捗
1712
チョク
make progress
進捗
進捗状況
しんちょく
しんちょくじょうきょう
(n,vs) progress/under way
(n) state of progress

歩
1713
步
ブ、ホ、フ
あゆ-む、ある-く
walk
町歩
反歩
一歩
進歩
歩兵師団
敵歩
ちょうぶ
たんぶ
いっぽ
しんぽ
ふひょうしだん
てきふ
(n) hectare (2.471 acres)
(n) unit of land area (approx. one-tenth hectare)
(n-adv,n-t) (1) (a) step/(2) level/stage/(3) small degree/small amount/(P)
(n,vs) progress/development/(P)
(n) Infantry Division
(n) opponents pawn

爾

1: numerous

Old Chinese: *nˤ[ə][r]ʔ

Middle Chinese: nejX

2: (adv. suffix)

Old Chinese: *n[ə][r]ʔ

Middle Chinese: nyeX

3: you(r)

Old Chinese: *n[ə][r]ʔ

Middle Chinese: nyeX

弥
1714
彌
ゲイ、ミ、ビ
や
all the more
沙弥
弥縫
弥縫策
さみ
びほう
びほうさく
(n) male Buddhist novice
(n,vs) patching up
(n) stopgap measure/temporary expedient

璽
1715
ジ
emperor's seal
御璽
御名御璽
ぎょじ
ぎょめいぎょじ
(n) imperial seal/privy seal
(n) the imperial or privy seal

內

1: bring or send in

Old Chinese: *nˤ[u]p

Middle Chinese: nop

2: inside

Old Chinese: *nˤ[u]p-s

Middle Chinese: nwojH

内
1716
ナイ、ダイ
うち
inside
内容
国内
内裏
海内
ないよう
こくない
だいり
かいだい
(n) subject/contents/matter/substance/detail/import/(P)
(n) internal/domestic/(P)
(n) imperial palace
(n) the whole country

納
1717
トウ（タフ）、ノウ（ナフ）、ナ、ナン、ナッ
おさ-まる、おさ-める
settlement
出納責任者
出納簿
収納
納品
大納言
納豆菌
納所
すいとうせきにんしゃ
すいとうぼ
しゅうのう
のうひん
だいなごん
なっとうきん
なっしょ
(n) person appointed by an electoral nominee to be in charge of their campaign-fund accounting
(n) cashbook
(n,vs) crop/harvest/receipts/putting or stowing away/(P)
(n,vs) delivery of goods
(n) chief councillor of state/chief councilor of state
(n) bacillus subtilis natto
(n) temple office (for receiving offerings or donations)/(historical) office for storing land taxes